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Radiocarbon Calibration/Comparison Records Based on Marine Sediments from the Pakistan and Iberian Margins

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 February 2016

Edouard Bard ,
Guillemette Ménot ,
Frauke Rostek ,
Laetitia Licari ,
Philipp Böning ,
R Lawrence Edwards ,
Hai Cheng ,
Yongjin Wang  and
Timothy J Heaton
Edouard Bard*
Affiliation:
CEREGE, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Technopôle de l'Arbois, BP 80, F-13545 Aix-en-Provence, France
Guillemette Ménot
Affiliation:
CEREGE, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Technopôle de l'Arbois, BP 80, F-13545 Aix-en-Provence, France
Frauke Rostek
Affiliation:
CEREGE, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Technopôle de l'Arbois, BP 80, F-13545 Aix-en-Provence, France
Laetitia Licari
Affiliation:
CEREGE, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Technopôle de l'Arbois, BP 80, F-13545 Aix-en-Provence, France
Philipp Böning
Affiliation:
CEREGE, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Technopôle de l'Arbois, BP 80, F-13545 Aix-en-Provence, France
R Lawrence Edwards
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0231, USA
Hai Cheng
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0231, USA Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
Yongjin Wang
Affiliation:
College of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
Timothy J Heaton
Affiliation:
School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
*
2Corresponding author. Email: bard@cerege.fr.
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Abstract

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We present a new record of radiocarbon ages measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) on a deep-sea core collected off the Pakistan Margin. The 14C ages measured on the planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides ruber from core MD04-2876 define a high and stable sedimentation rate on the order of 50 cm/kyr over the last 50 kyr. The site is distant from the main upwelling zone of the western Arabian Sea where 14C reservoir age is large and may be variable. Many independent proxies based on elemental analyses, mineralogy, biomarkers, isotopic proxies, and foraminiferal abundances show abrupt changes correlative with Dansgaard-Oeschger and Heinrich events. It is now common knowledge that these climatic events also affected the Arabian Sea during the last glacial period through changes in the Indian monsoon and in ventilation at intermediate depths. The stratigraphic agreement between all proxies, from fine- to coarse-size fractions, indicates that the foraminiferal 14C ages are representative of the different sediment fractions.

To build a calendar age scale for core MD04-2876, we matched its climate record to the oxygen isotopic (δ18O) profile of Hulu Cave stalagmites that have been accurately dated by U-Th (Wang et al. 2001; Southon et al. 2012; Edwards et al., submitted). Both archives exhibit very similar signatures, even for century-long events linked to monsoonal variations. For comparison, we have also updated our previous work on core MD95-2042 from the Iberian Margin (Bard et al. 2004a,b,c), whose climate record has likewise been tuned to the high-resolution δ18O Hulu Cave profile. Sophisticated and novel statistical techniques were used to interpolate ages and calculate uncertainties between chronological tie-points (Heaton et al. 2013, this issue). The data from the Pakistan and Iberian margins compare well even if they come from distant sites characterized by different oceanic conditions. Collectively, the data also compare well with the IntCal09 curve, except for specific intervals around 16 cal kyr BP and from 28 to 31 cal kyr BP. During these intervals, the data indicate that 14C is somewhat older than indicated by the IntCal09 curve. Agreement between the data from both oceanic sites suggests that the discrepancy is not due to local changes of sea-surface 14C reservoir ages, but rather that the IntCal09 curve needed to be updated in these intervals as has been done in the framework of IntCal13 (Reimer et al. 2013a, this issue).

Type
Research Article
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 55 , Issue 4: IntCal 13 , 2013 , pp. 1999 - 2019
Copyright
Copyright © 2013 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

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