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MIS 7 interglacial sea-surface temperature and salinity reconstructions from a southwestern subtropical Pacific coral

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Ryuji Asami ,
Yasufumi Iryu ,
Kimio Hanawa ,
Takashi Miwa ,
Peter Holden ,
Ryuichi Shinjo  and
Gustav Paulay
Ryuji Asami*
Affiliation:
Trans-disciplinary Research Organization for Subtropical Island Studies (TRO-SIS), University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan Faculty of Science, Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
Yasufumi Iryu
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
Kimio Hanawa
Affiliation:
Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
Takashi Miwa
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
Peter Holden
Affiliation:
Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Bldg 61, Mills Road, Acton, ACT 0200, Australia
Ryuichi Shinjo
Affiliation:
Faculty of Science, Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
Gustav Paulay
Affiliation:
Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
*
*Corresponding author at: Faculty of Science, Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan. Fax: + 81 98 895 8552. E-mail address:asami@sci.u-ryukyu.ac.jp (R. Asami).
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Abstract

We generated a 5.5-yr snapshot of biweekly-to-monthly resolved time series of carbon and oxygen isotope composition (δ13C and δ18O) and Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca from annually banded aragonite skeleton of a ~ 197 ka pristine Porites coral collected at Niue Island (19°00′S, 169°50′W) in the southwestern subtropical Pacific Ocean. This report is the first of a high-resolution coral-based paleoclimate archive during the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 7 interglacial. Statistical results suggest that annual averages of sea-surface temperature (SST) and salinity (SSS) at ~ 197 ka were not significantly different from and ~ 1.2 higher than at present, respectively. Monthly mean variations showed increased SSS at ~ 197 ka that was higher (1.4–1.9 relative to today) in the austral summer than in the austral winter. Monthly SST and SSS anomalies at ~ 197 ka indicated smaller amplitudes by ~ 0.3°C (11%) and ~ 0.3 (24%) relative to the present, possibly suggesting less influence of interannual climate variability around Niue. Our results, taken together with other climate proxy records, imply seasonal and interannual modulation of thermal and hydrological conditions, different from today, in the southwestern subtropical Pacific Ocean associated with the Western Pacific Warm Pool and the South Pacific Convergence Zone variability during the MIS 7 interglacial.

Keywords

Fossil coralδ18OSr/CaSea-surface temperatureSea-surface salinityPaleoclimateSouthwest PacificMIS 7
Type
Original Articles
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 80 , Issue 3 , November 2013 , pp. 575 - 585
Copyright
University of Washington

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