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Geophysical sediment properties of a late Pleistocene loess–paleosol sequence, Chenarli, northeastern Iran

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 April 2023

Amin Ghafarpour ,
Farhad Khormali ,
Hossein Tazikeh ,
Martin Kehl ,
Christian Rolf ,
Manfred Frechen  and
Christian Zeeden
Amin Ghafarpour
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Sciences, Loess Research Center, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
Farhad Khormali*
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Sciences, Loess Research Center, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
Hossein Tazikeh
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Sciences, Loess Research Center, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
Martin Kehl
Affiliation:
Institute of Geography, University of Cologne, Albertus-Magnus-Platz, 50923, Cologne, Germany
Christian Rolf
Affiliation:
Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics (LIAG), Stilleweg 2, 30655, Hanover, Germany
Manfred Frechen
Affiliation:
Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics (LIAG), Stilleweg 2, 30655, Hanover, Germany
Christian Zeeden
Affiliation:
Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics (LIAG), Stilleweg 2, 30655, Hanover, Germany
*
*Corresponding author at: Department of Soil Sciences, Loess Research Center, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. E-mail address: fkhormali@gau.ac.ir; khormali@yahoo.com (F. Khormali)
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Abstract

We present stratigraphic, magnetic, diffuse reflectance spectrophotometric analyses, and chronologic data for the Chenarli loess–paleosol sequence in northeastern Iran. Eight loess units (LU) are identified, described, and constrained in time based on relative stratigraphy and luminescence dating from >130 ± 9.1 ka to ~9.8 ± 0.7 ka. Our data indicate that pedogenic magnetite/maghemite formation gives rise to magnetic enhancement in modern soil and paleosols. The top of LU 7 is demarcated by the well-developed last interglacial soil in which magnetic depletion occurred. We infer that magnetic depletion in this paleosol was produced by reducing conditions in a seasonally waterlogged soil during a warm and wet phase within Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e. Units LU 6 to 1 record several episodes of dust accumulation and soil formation during the last glacial and Holocene. Increased dust accumulation rates occurred during middle-late MIS 3 and lasted into the late MIS 2, with a peak during the last glacial maximum (LU 2). These findings could be applicable to understanding magnetic enhancement/dissolution mechanism in the loess–paleosol sequences in study area. We infer paleoenvironmental changes in northeastern Iran relative to northern Iran, Eurasia, and China.

Keywords

Magnetic measurementsNorthern Iranian loess plateauPaleosolsLuminescence datingPaleoclimate
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 114 , June 2023 , pp. 114 - 129
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Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2023

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