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Motivational interviewing and interaction skills training for parents to change cannabis use in young adults with recent-onset schizophrenia: a randomized controlled trial

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 December 2011

M. Smeerdijk ,
R. Keet ,
N. Dekker ,
B. van Raaij ,
M. Krikke ,
M. Koeter ,
L. de Haan ,
C. Barrowclough ,
G. Schippers  and
D. Linszen
M. Smeerdijk*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
R. Keet
Affiliation:
Mental Health Service North Holland North, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
N. Dekker
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
B. van Raaij
Affiliation:
Training Company ‘Bureau de Mat’, Haarlem, The Netherlands
M. Krikke
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
M. Koeter
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
L. de Haan
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
C. Barrowclough
Affiliation:
School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
G. Schippers
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
D. Linszen
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
*
*Address for correspondence: M. Smeerdijk, M.Sc., Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 5, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. (Email: a.m.smeerdijk@amc.uva.nl)
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Abstract

Background

Cannabis use by people with schizophrenia has been found to be associated with family distress and poor clinical outcomes. Interventions to reduce drug use in this patient group have had limited efficacy. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a novel intervention for parents of young adults with recent-onset schizophrenia consisting of family-based motivational interviewing and interaction skills (Family Motivational Intervention, FMI) in comparison with routine family support (RFS).

Method

In a trial with 75 patients who used cannabis and received treatment for recent-onset schizophrenia, 97 parents were randomly assigned to either FMI (n=53) or RFS (n=44). Assessments were conducted at baseline and 3 months after completion of the family intervention by an investigator who remained blind throughout the study about the assignment of the parents.

Results

At follow-up, patients' frequency and quantity of cannabis use was significantly more reduced in FMI than in RFS (p<0.05 and p<0.04 respectively). Patients' craving for cannabis was also significantly reduced in FMI whereas there was a small increase in RFS (p=0.01). There was no difference between FMI and RFS with regard to patients' other substance use and general level of functioning. Both groups showed significant improvements in parental distress and sense of burden.

Conclusions

Training parents in motivational interviewing and interaction skills is feasible and effective in reducing cannabis use among young adults with recent-onset schizophrenia. However, FMI was not more effective than RFS in increasing patients' general level of functioning and in reducing parents' stress and sense of burden.

Keywords

Cannabisfamily interventioninteraction skillsmotivational interviewingschizophrenia
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 42 , Issue 8 , August 2012 , pp. 1627 - 1636
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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