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Altered brain structural and functional connectivity in schizotypy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 July 2020

Yong-ming Wang ,
Xin-lu Cai ,
Rui-ting Zhang ,
Yi-jing Zhang ,
Han-yu Zhou ,
Yi Wang ,
Ya Wang ,
Jia Huang ,
Yan-yu Wang  and
Eric F. C. Cheung
...Show all authors
Yong-ming Wang
Affiliation:
Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing100101, PR China Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, PR China Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing100190, PR China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
Xin-lu Cai
Affiliation:
Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing100101, PR China Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, PR China Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing100190, PR China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
Rui-ting Zhang
Affiliation:
Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing100101, PR China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
Yi-jing Zhang
Affiliation:
Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing100101, PR China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
Han-yu Zhou
Affiliation:
Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing100101, PR China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
Yi Wang
Affiliation:
Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing100101, PR China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
Ya Wang
Affiliation:
Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing100101, PR China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
Jia Huang
Affiliation:
Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing100101, PR China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
Yan-yu Wang
Affiliation:
Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing100101, PR China Department of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong Province, PR China
Eric F. C. Cheung
Affiliation:
Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
Raymond C. K. Chan*
Affiliation:
Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing100101, PR China Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, PR China Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing100190, PR China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
*
Author for correspondence: Raymond C. K. Chan, E-mail: rckchan@psych.ac.cn
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Abstract

Background

Schizotypy refers to schizophrenia-like traits below the clinical threshold in the general population. The pathological development of schizophrenia has been postulated to evolve from the initial coexistence of ‘brain disconnection’ and ‘brain connectivity compensation’ to ‘brain connectivity decompensation’.

Methods

In this study, we examined the brain connectivity changes associated with schizotypy by combining brain white matter structural connectivity, static and dynamic functional connectivity analysis of diffusion tensor imaging data and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data. A total of 87 participants with a high level of schizotypal traits and 122 control participants completed the experiment. Group differences in whole-brain white matter structural connectivity probability, static mean functional connectivity strength, dynamic functional connectivity variability and stability among 264 brain sub-regions of interests were investigated.

Results

We found that individuals with high schizotypy exhibited increased structural connectivity probability within the task control network and within the default mode network; increased variability and decreased stability of functional connectivity within the default mode network and between the auditory network and the subcortical network; and decreased static mean functional connectivity strength mainly associated with the sensorimotor network, the default mode network and the task control network.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the specific changes in brain connectivity associated with schizotypy and indicate that both decompensatory and compensatory changes in structural connectivity within the default mode network and the task control network in the context of whole-brain functional disconnection may be an important neurobiological correlate in individuals with high schizotypy.

Keywords

Connectivity decompensation hypothesisdynamic functional connectivityschizotypystatic functional connectivitystructural connectivity probability
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 52 , Issue 5 , April 2022 , pp. 834 - 843
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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