Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-7nlkj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-31T10:25:25.089Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Habermas’ Consensus Theory of Truth

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2023

Mary Hesse*
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge

Extract

The question of truth is central to current discussions in both of the major contemporary styles of philosophizing. In the Anglo-American linguistic and empiricist tradition there is a lively response (some might say backlash) to apparent difficulties caused by recent recognition of theory change and meaning variance in science. And within the Continental hermeneutio tradition there is raised the central question of the truth status of interpretations in the cultural sciences where these appear not to be subject to the criteria of empirical science. Let me say straight away that I believe that the almost universal dependence on versions of the correspondence theory of truth among analytical philosophers will prove seriously inadequate to both forms of the epistemological problem, and that we have to face here a deep challenge to many entrenched assumptions of empiricism — assumptions that are too infrequently brought to the light of day in these discussions.2

Type
Part X. Habermas
Copyright
Copyright © 1981 Philosophy of Science Association

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

1

In the preparation of this paper I have been greatly helped by correspondence with Thomas McCarthy, and by his kindness in sending me the advance typescript of his book {38}. Errors of interpretation that remain are entirely my own.

References

[1] Althusser, L. For Marx, (trans.) Ben Brewster. Harmondsworth: Allen Lane, 1969. (Originally published as Pour Marx. Paris: F. Maspero, 1965.)Google Scholar
[2] Althusser, L. et al. Lire le Capital. Vols. I and II. Paris: F. Maspero, 1965.Google Scholar
[3] Apel, K.O., et al. Hermeneutick und Ideologiekritik. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1971.Google Scholar
[4] Austin, J.L. How to do Things With Words. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1962.Google Scholar
[5] Austin, J.L.Truth.Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume XXIV (1950). Pages 111128. (Reprinted in [47]. Pages 18-31.)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[6] Bacon, Francis. The New Organon & Related Writings, (ed.) Anderson, F.H. New York: Liberal Arts Press, 1960. (Originally published as Instauratio Magna. London: J. Billiman, 1620.)Google Scholar
[7] Chomsky, N. Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1965.Google Scholar
[8] Engels, F. Dialectics of Nature, (trans.) Dutt, C. New York: International Publishers, 1940. (Originally published from mss. c. 1878 in “Illustrierter Neue Welt-Kalender für das Jahr 1898.”)Google Scholar
[9] Engels, F. Anti-Dühring. Peking: Foreign Languages Press, 1976. (Originally published as Herr Eugen Duhring’s Revolution in Science. Moscow/Leningrad: Co-operative Publishing Society of Foreign Workers in the USSR, 1934.)Google Scholar
[10] Feyerabend, P. Against Method. London: New Left Books, 1975.Google Scholar
[11] Gadamer, H.G. “Rhetorik, Hermeneutik und Ideologiekritik.” In [3]. Pages 5782.Google Scholar
[12] Gadamer, H.G. “Replik.” In [3]. Pages 283317.Google Scholar
[13] Gadamer, H.G. Truth and Method, (trans.) Barden, G. and Cumming, J. New York: Seabury Press, 1975. (Originally published as Wahrheit und Methode. Tübingen: Mohr, 1965.)Google Scholar
[14] Habermas, J.Analytical Theory of Science and Dialectics.” In The Positivist Dispute in German Sociology. Edited by Adorno, T.W., et al. (trans.) Adey, G. and Frisby, D. London: Heinemann Educational Books, 1976. Pages 131162. (Originally published as “Analytische Wissenschaftstheorie und Dialektik. Ein Nachtrag zur Kontroverse Zwischen Popper und Adorno. Zeugnisse. Theodor W. Adorno zum sechzigsten Geburtstag. Edited by Horkheimer, M. Frankfurt: Europäische Verlagsanstalt, 1963. Pages 473-501.)Google Scholar
[15] Habermas, J.A Positivistically Bisected Rationalism.” In The Positivist Dispute in German Sociology. Edited by Adorno, T.W., et al (trans.) Adey, G. and Frisby, D. London: Heinemann Educational Books, 1976. Pages 198225. (Originally published as “Gegen einen positivistisch halbierten Rationalismus. Erwiderung eines Pamphlets.” Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozial Psychologie 16(1961): 636-659.)Google Scholar
[16] Habermas, J. Toward a Rational Society, (trans.) Shapiro, J. London: Heinemann Educational Books, 1971. (Translation of selected essays from Technik und Wissenschaft als “Ideologie”. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1968 and Protestbewegung und Hochsohulreform. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1969.)Google Scholar
[17] Habermas, J. Knowledge and Human Interests, (trans.) Shapiro, J. London: Heinemann Educational Books, 1972. (Originally published as Erkenntnis und Interesse. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 1968.)Google Scholar
[18] Habermas, J.A Review of Gadamer’s Truth and Method.” In Understanding and Social Inquiry. Edited by Dallmayr, F.R. and McCarthy, T.A. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1977. Pages 335363. (Originally published as “Die Hermeneutische Ansatz.” In Zur Logik der Sozialwissenschaften. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1970. Pages 251-290.)Google Scholar
[19] Habermas, J.Towards a Theory of Communicative Competence.Inquiry 13(1970): 360375.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[20] Habermas, J. Theory and Practice, (trans.) Viertel, J. London: Heinemann Educational Books, 1974. (Translation and abridgment of essays from the fourth edition of Theorie und Praxis. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1971, together with one essay “Labor and Interaction: Remarks on Hegel’s Philosophy of Mind” from Technik und Wissenschaft als “Ideologie”. (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1968.)Google Scholar
[21] Habermas, J.A Postscript to Knowledge and Human Interests”. Philosophy of Social Sciences 3(1973): 157189.Google Scholar
[22] Habermas, J. Legitimation Crisis, (trans.) McCarthy, T. Boston: Beacon Press, 1975. (Originally published as Legitimationsprobleme in Spätkapitalismus. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1973.)Google Scholar
[23] Habermas, J. and Luhmann, N. Theorie der Gesellschaft oder Sozialtechnologie-Was leistet die Systemforschung? Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 1971.Google Scholar
[24] Hesse, Mary. The Structure of Scientific Inference. London: Macmillan, 1974.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[25] Hesse, Mary. “Truth and the Growth of Scientific Knowledge.” In PSA 1976, Volume 2. Edited by Suppe, F. and Asquith, P.D.. East Lansing, Michigan: Philosophy of Science Association, 1977. Pages 261280.Google Scholar
[26] Hesse, Mary. “Theory and Value in Social Science.” In Action and Interpretation. Edited by Hookway, C. and Pettit, P. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977. Pages 116.Google Scholar
[27] Hesse, Mary. “Empiricism and Evaluation in Social Science.” In Explanation and Understanding in the Social Sciences. Edited by Bell, R.H. Forthcoming.Google Scholar
[28] Joravsky, David. The Lysenko Affair. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1970.Google Scholar
[29] Kant, I. Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals, (trans.) Beck, L.W. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1950. (Originally published as Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten. Riga: J.F. Hartknoch, 1785.)Google Scholar
[30] Kuhn, T. Structure of Scientific Revolutions. University of Chicago Press, 1962. (Second edition published in 1970.)Google Scholar
[31] Lakatos, I. and Musgrave, A. Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[32] Lecourt, Dominique. Proletarian Science? The Case of Lysenko. London: New Left Books, 1977.Google Scholar
[33] Luhmann, N. Zweckbegriff und Systemrationalitat. Tübingen: Mohr, 1968.Google Scholar
[34] Luhmann, N. Soziologische Aufklärung. Köln: Westdeutscher Verlag, 1970.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[35] Lukács, G. History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics, (trans.) Livingstone, R. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1971. (Originally published as Geschichte und Klassenbewusstsein, studien über marxistische dialectik. Berlin: Der Malix- Verlag, 1923.)Google Scholar
[36] Lysenko, T.D. The Situation in Biological Science: Proceedings of the Lenin Academy of Agricultural Sciences of the USSR. Session: July 31st- August 7th 1948, Verbatim Report: Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1949.Google Scholar
[37] McCarthy, T.A Theory of Communicative Competence.Philosophy of the Social Sciences 3(1973): 135156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[38] McCarthy, T. The Critical Theory of Jürgen Habermas. Cambridge: MA: MIT Press, 1978.Google Scholar
[39] Marcuse, H. One Dimensional Man. Boston: Beacon Press, 1964.Google Scholar
[40] Mannheim, K. Man and Society, (trans.) Shils, E. New York: Harcourt, Brace & Jovanovitch, 1940. (Originally published as Mensch und Gesellschaft im Zeitalter des Umbaus. Leiden: A.W. Sijthoff, 1935.)Google Scholar
[41] Mannheim, K. Ideology and Utopia: An Introduction to the Sociology of Knowledge. New York: Harcourt, Brace and World, 1968. (Originally published as Ideologie und Utopie. Bonn: F. Cohen, 1929.)Google Scholar
[42] Medvedev, Zhores A. The Rise and Fall of T.D. Lysenko. (trans.) Lerner, I. New York: Columbia University Press, 1969.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[43] Pannenberg, W. Theology and the Philosophy of Science, (trans.) McDonagh, F. London: Darton, Longman & Todd, 1976. (Originally published as Wissenschaftstheorie und Theologie. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1973.)Google Scholar
[44] Parsons, T. “Introduction.” To Weber, Max. The Theory of Social and Economic Organization. (ed.) Parsons, T., (trans.) Henderson, A.M. and Parsona, J. New York: Free Press, 1964. (Originally published as Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft (Grundrisse der Socialökonomik, Bard III). Töbingen: Mohr, 1922.)Google Scholar
[45] Parsons, T.Value-freedom and Objectivity.” In Max Weber and Sociology Today. Edited by Stammer, Otto New York: Harper & Row, 1971. Pages 2750.Google Scholar
[46] Peirce, C.S. Collected Papers of C.S. Peirce. (eds.) Hartshorne, C., et al. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1931-1958.Google Scholar
[47] Pitcher, George (ed.). Truth. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1964.Google Scholar
[48] Popper, K.R. Conjectures and Refutations. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1963.Google Scholar
[49] Popper, K.R. Objective Knowledge. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972.Google Scholar
[50] Searle, J.R. Speech Acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[51] Strawson, P.F.Truth.Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society. Supplementary Volume XXIV (1950). Pages 129156. (Reprinted in [47]. Pages 32-53.)Google Scholar
[52] Toulmin, S. The Uses of Argument. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1964.Google Scholar
[53] Weber, M. The Methodology of the Social Sciences. Glencoe, IL: Free Press, 1949. (Collection of essays originally published in German in various places between 1903 and 1917.)Google Scholar
[54] Winch, P. The Idea of a Social Science and Its Relationship to Philosophy. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1958.Google Scholar
[55] Wittgenstein, L. Philosophical Investigations. New York: Macmillan, 1955.Google Scholar