Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-r6qrq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T08:40:39.667Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Quality assurance in clinical biochemistry

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 December 2011

Callum G. Fraser
Affiliation:
Directorate of Biochemical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee
Get access

Synopsis

There are many steps in the process between the clinician requesting a clinical biochemistry test and receiving a numerical result. Each of these steps must be subject to quality assurance techniques. Clinical biochemistry laboratories now have mature, integrated systems of internal quality control, external quality assessment and quality assurance to ensure that the results issued do aid in the provision of optimum patient care. The recent advent of a professionally led laboratory accreditation scheme will stimulate further improvements in quality. Enthusiastic adoption of the techniques of quality management science, in the form of total quality management systems, will focus future attention on laboratories providing services to the standards dictated by consumers. Translation of these standards into objective operational specifications will then allow laboratories to adopt appropriate comprehensive quality assurance techniques which will guarantee the quality demanded.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Belk, W. P. & Sunderman, F. W. 1947. A study of the accuracy of chemical analyses in clinical laboratories. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 17, 853–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cembrowski, C. G. & Carey, R. N. 1989. Laboratory quality management. Chicago: American Society of Clinical Pathologists.Google Scholar
Fraser, C. G. 1983. Desirable performance standards for clinical chemistry tests. Advances in Clinical Chemistry 23, 299339.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fraser, C. G. 1986. Interpretation of clinical biochemistry laboratory data, p. 85. Edinburgh: Blackwell Scientific.Google Scholar
Fraser, C. G. 1991. Generation and application of analytical goals in laboratory medicine. Annali d'ell Istituto Superiore di Sanita 27, 369–76.Google ScholarPubMed
Fraser, C. G. & Peake, M. J. 1980. Problems associated with clinical chemistry quality control materials. CRC Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences 12, 5986.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fraser, C. G. & Watkinson, L. R. 1989. In Marks, V. & Alberti, K. G. M. M. Clinical biochemistry nearer the patient, p. 12. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.Google Scholar
Fraser, C. G. & Woodford, F. P. 1987. Strategies to modify the test requesting patterns of clinicians. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry 24, 223–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Geary, T. D. 1981. Procedure for checking the performance of samplers, dispensers and diluters. Clinical Biochemist Reviews 2, 64–6.Google Scholar
Hoffman, R. G. & Waid, M. E. 1965. The ‘average of normals’ method of quality control. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 43, 134–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lacher, D. A. 1990. Relationship between delta checks for selected clinical chemistry tests. Clinical Chemistry 36, 2134–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levey, S. & Jennings, E. R. 1950. The use of control charts in the clinical laboratory. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 20, 1059–68.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sher, P. P. 1979. An evaluation of the detection capacity of a computer-assisted real-time delta check system. Clinical Chemistry 25, 870–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Westgard, J. O. 1992. Charts of operational process specifications (‘OPSECS Charts’) for assessing the precision, accuracy, and quality control needed to satisfy proficiency testing performance criteria. Clinical Chemistry 38, 1226–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Westgard, J. O. & Groth, T. 1979. Power functions for statistical control rules. Clinical Chemistry 25, 863–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Westgard, J. O., Barry, P. L., Hunt, M. R. & Groth, T. 1981. A multi-rule Shewart chart for quality control in clinical chemistry. Clinical Chemistry 27, 493501.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Westgard, J. O., Burnett, R. W. & Bowers, G. N. 1990. Quality management science in clinical chemistry: a dynamic framework for continuous improvement of quality. Clinical Chemistry 36, 1712–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Whitehead, T. P. 1977. Quality control in clinical chemistry. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Whitehead, T. P. & Woodford, F. P. 1981. External quality assessment of laboratories in the United Kingdom. Journal of Clinical Pathology 34, 947–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed