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Possibility to locate the position of the H2O snowline in protoplanetary disks through spectroscopic observations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 September 2018

Shota Notsu Open the ORCID record for Shota Notsu [Opens in a new window] ,
Hideko Nomura ,
Catherine Walsh Open the ORCID record for Catherine Walsh [Opens in a new window] ,
Mitsuhiko Honda ,
Tomoya Hirota ,
Eiji Akiyama  and
T. J. Millar
Shota Notsu
Affiliation:
Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan e-mail: snotsu@kusastro.kyoto-u.ac.jp Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (DC1)
Hideko Nomura
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
Catherine Walsh
Affiliation:
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
Mitsuhiko Honda
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, School of Medicine, Kurume University, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
Tomoya Hirota
Affiliation:
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
Eiji Akiyama
Affiliation:
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
T. J. Millar
Affiliation:
Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK
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Abstract

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Observationally measuring the location of the H2O snowline is crucial for understanding the planetesimal and planet formation processes, and the origin of water on Earth. The velocity profiles of emission lines from protoplanetary disks are usually affected by Doppler shift due to Keplerian rotation and thermal broadening. Therefore, the velocity profiles are sensitive to the radial distribution of the line-emitting regions. In our work (Notsu et al. 2016, 2017), we found candidate water lines to locate the position of the H2O snowline through future high-dispersion spectroscopic observations. First, we calculated the chemical composition of the disks around a T Tauri star and a Herbig Ae star using chemical kinetics. We confirmed that the abundance of H2O gas is high not only in the hot midplane region inside the H2O snowline but also in the hot surface layer and the photodesorption region of the outer disk. The position of the H2O snowline in the Herbig Ae disk exists at a larger radius from the central star than that in the T Tauri disk. Second, we calculated the H2O line profiles and identified that H2O emission lines with small Einstein A coefficients (∼10−6 − 10−3 s−1) and relatively high upper state energies (∼ 1000K) are dominated by emission from the hot midplane region inside the H2O snowline, and therefore their profiles potentially contain information which can be used to locate the position of the H2O snowline. The wavelengths of the H2O lines which are the best candidates to locate the position of the H2O snowline range from mid-infrared to sub-millimeter, and the total line fluxes tend to increase with decreasing wavelengths. We investigated the possibility of future observations using the ALMA and mid-infrared high-dispersion spectrographs (e.g., SPICA/SMI-HRS). Since the fluxes of those identified lines from a Herbig Ae disk are stronger than those of a T Tauri disk, the possibility of a successful detection is expected to increase for a Herbig Ae disk.

Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 13 , Symposium S332: Astrochemistry VII: Through the Cosmos from Galaxies to Planets , March 2017 , pp. 113 - 120
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2018 

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