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The Grand Tack model: a critical review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 January 2015

Sean N. Raymond  and
Alessandro Morbidelli
Sean N. Raymond
Affiliation:
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux, CNRS and Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5804, F-33270 Floirac, France. email: rayray.sean@gmail.com
Alessandro Morbidelli
Affiliation:
Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, Laboratoire Lagrange, Bd. de l'Observatoire, B. P. 4229, F-06304 Nice Cedex 4, France. email: morby@oca.eu
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Abstract

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The “Grand Tack” model proposes that the inner Solar System was sculpted by the giant planets' orbital migration in the gaseous protoplanetary disk. Jupiter first migrated inward then Jupiter and Saturn migrated back outward together. If Jupiter's turnaround or “tack” point was at ~ 1.5 AU the inner disk of terrestrial building blocks would have been truncated at ~ 1 AU, naturally producing the terrestrial planets' masses and spacing. During the gas giants' migration the asteroid belt is severely depleted but repopulated by distinct planetesimal reservoirs that can be associated with the present-day S and C types. The giant planets' orbits are consistent with the later evolution of the outer Solar System.

Here we confront common criticisms of the Grand Tack model. We show that some uncertainties remain regarding the Tack mechanism itself; the most critical unknown is the timing and rate of gas accretion onto Saturn and Jupiter. Current isotopic and compositional measurements of Solar System bodies – including the D/H ratios of Saturn's satellites – do not refute the model. We discuss how alternate models for the formation of the terrestrial planets each suffer from an internal inconsistency and/or place a strong and very specific requirement on the properties of the protoplanetary disk.

We conclude that the Grand Tack model remains viable and consistent with our current understanding of planet formation. Nonetheless, we encourage additional tests of the Grand Tack as well as the construction of alternate models.

Keywords

solar system: formationminor planetsasteroidscomets: generalplanetary systems: protoplanetary disksplanets and satellites: formationmethods: n-body simulations
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 9 , Issue S310: Complex Planetary Systems , July 2014 , pp. 194 - 203
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2014 

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