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Influence of salt application on biting by growing-finishing pigs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2017

C.A. Tsourgiannis
Affiliation:
University of Plymouth, Seale-Hayne Faculty, Newton Abbot, Devon TQ12 6NQ, UK
J.F. Robertson
Affiliation:
University of Aberdeen, Department of Agriculture, MacRobert Building, 581 King Street, Aberdeen, AB24 5UA, UK
V.R. Fowler
Affiliation:
University of Aberdeen, Department of Agriculture, MacRobert Building, 581 King Street, Aberdeen, AB24 5UA, UK
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Extract

In intensively kept fattening pigs, biting is a vice complex of fairly common occurrence, of widespread distribution, of some economic importance but of obscure aetiology. It has been suggested that in any one particular outbreak of biting there may be more than one aetiological factor at work and that the behaviour may only occur when the sum of the individual effects of these factors goes beyond a certain critical (undefined) level (Ewbank, 1973). Factors such as: sub-optimal space allowance, temperature control, air movement, nutrients, palatability of feed, access to feed and water, can stimulate this kind of behaviour. Salt (NaCl) is an essential mineral and its rate of inclusion in diets has been implicated in the development and expression of biting behaviour. It is possible that heightened appetite for salt could make pigs particularly attracted to pen-mates with injured tails (Fraser, 1987). Although pigs require only about 0.2% NaCl in the diet for maximum weight gain, NaCl is often provided at 0.5% of the diet for growing pigs, and it has been suggested that an increase to 0.75% or 1% can reduce the incidence of biting. This paper investigates the influence of salt application on biting by growing-finishing pigs under an intensive indoor pig production system. An amount of extra salt was provided to the pigs and behavioural observations (biting, drinking, lying and standing) were recorded.

Type
Poster Presentations
Copyright
Copyright © The British Society of Animal Science 2002

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References

Ewbank, R., 1973. Abnormal behaviour and pig nutrition. An unsuccessful attempt to induce tail biting by feeding a high energy, low fibre vegetable protein ration. British Veterinary Journal. 129, 366369.Google Scholar
Fraser, D., 1987. Mineral-deficient diets and the pig’s attraction to blood: implications for tail-biting. Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 67, 909918.Google Scholar