Management at calving plays an important role in the subsequent reproductive performance of dairy cows. Postpartum involution in cows, for example, can be impaired by infectious microorganisms ascending into the uterus via the vagina, usually as a result of poor hygiene at parturition or insemination, aided by immune suppression or tissue damage. Susceptible cows are usually those which have suffered previously from dystocia, retained placenta, twin birth, stillbirth or metabolic disorder (Kim and Kang, 2003). The aim of this study was to assess the predisposing factors leading to uterine infection in dairy cows and evaluate its impact on the cow’s performance.