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Theoretical Perspectives on Judicial Review by the World Court

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2017

José E. Alvarez
José E. Alvarez*
Affiliation:
University of Michigan Law School
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Abstract

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Type
Theoretical Perspectives on International Institutions
Information
Proceedings of the ASIL Annual Meeting , Volume 89 , 1995 , pp. 85 - 90
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 1995

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References

1 Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia-Herzegovina v. Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro)), 1993 I.C.J. 3 (Order of Apr. 8), reprinted in 32 ILM 890 (1993); Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia-Herzegovina v. Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro)), 1993 I.C.J. (1993) (Order of Sept. 13); Case Concerning Questions of Interpretation and Application of the 1971 Montreal Convention Arising From the Aerial Incident at Lockerbie (Libyan Arab Jamahiriya v. United States), 1993 I.C.J. 114; Case Concerning Questions of Interpretation and Application of the 1971 Montreal Convention Arising From the Aerial Incident at Lockerbie (Libyan Arab Jamahiriya v. United Kingdom), 1993 I.C.J.

2 Franck, Thomas M., The Powers of Appreciation: Who is the Ultimate Guardian of UN Legality , 86 AJIL 519 (1992)Google Scholar; Franck, Thomas M., The Security Council and Threats to the Peace: Some Remarks on Remarkable Developments , in Rene-Jean Dupuy, ed., The Development Of The Role Of The Security Council, Colloque , July 21–23, 1993 at 83 (1993) (henceforth COLLOQUE)Google Scholar; Michael Reisman, W., The Constitutional Crisis in the United Nations , 87 AJIL 83 (1993)Google Scholar; Michael Reisman, W., Colloque , at 399. Reisman coined the term “judicial romantics”Google Scholar.

3 See, e.g., Reisman, , Colloque , at 139–140; 400; 414-423Google Scholar.

4 See, e.g., Sur, Serge, Security Council Resolution 687 of 3 April 1991 in the Gulf Affair: Problems of Restoring and Safeguarding Peace , Research Papers, NO. 12 (1992), at 8, 61; Comments by Reisman, Sur, and F. Delon, in COLLOQUE, at 139-140; 152Google Scholar.

5 See, e.g., Franck, in COLLOQUE, at 110; Vera Gowlland-Debbas, The Relationship Between the International Court of Justice and the Security Council in Light of the Lockerbie Case, 88 AJIL 643, 658-661 (1994).

6 See, e.g., Gowlland-Debbas, Vera, Security Council Enforcement Action and Issues of State Responsibility , 43 Inter. & Comp. L. Q. 55, 91–93 (1994).Google Scholar

7 U.S. (1 Cranch) 137 (1803) (Marshall, C.J.)

8 See, e.g., Lauterpacht, Elihu, The Legal Effect of Illegal Acts of International Organisations , in Cambridge Essays In International Law Essays In Honor Of Lord Mcnair , 88 (1965)Google Scholar; Gowlland-Debbas, Vera, supra note 5 (88 AJIL) at 670 Google Scholar.

9 For a survey of recent reinterpretations of Article 2(7), see Gordon, Ruth, United Nations Intervention in Internal Conflicts: Iraq, Somalia, and Beyond , 15 Mich. J. Int’l L. 519 (1994)Google Scholar.

10 Separate Opinion, I.C.J. Reports, Sept. 13, 1993 Order, 407-448, at para. 100.

11 For some examples of attempts to examine the legitimation process within the context of domestic courts, see Beatty, David M., Human Rights and the Rules of Law , (David M. Beatty, ed.) in Human Rights And Judicial Review: A Comparative Perspective (1994) ; Heidi Feldman, Objectivity in Legal Judgment, 92 Mich. L. Rev. 1187 (1994)Google Scholar.

12 See, e.g., Vera Gowlland-Debbas, supra note 6 (INTER. & COMP. L. Q.), at 67-90.

13 See, e.g., Brewer-Carias, Allan R., Judicial Review In Comparative Law (1989)Google Scholar; ( Jackson, Donald W. & Neal Tate, C., ed.) Comp. Jud. Rev. And Pub. Pol’y (1992)Google Scholar.

14 Philip Bobbin coined these. For his examination of the “cueing” and “expressive functions” of the U.S. Supreme Court, see PHILIP BOBBITT, CONSTITUTIONAL FATE 191-92; 219 (1982). Judge Lauterpacht’s separate opinion in the Sept. 13 Order in the Bosnia case is an excellent example of both “cues” and “expressive function.”

15 Weiler, Joseph, The Transformation of Europe , 100 Yale L. J. 2403 (1991)Google Scholar; Weiler, Joseph, Eurocracy and Distrust: Some Questions Concerning the Role of the European Court of Justice in the Protection of Fundamental Human Rights within the Legal Order of the European Communities , 61 Wash. L. Rev. 1103 (1986)Google Scholar.

16 See, e.g., Stone, Alec, Judging Socialist Reform: The Politics of Coordinate Construction in France and Germany , 26 Comp. Pol. Stud. 443 (1992)Google Scholar.