Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-r5zm4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-26T20:36:45.320Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Looking beyond the Tribe: Abandoning Paradigms to Write Social History in Yemen During World War I

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 July 2015

Isa Blumi
Isa Blumi*
Affiliation:
New York University, Joint History and Middle Eastern Studies Program, New York City
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

A common error in historico-political analysis consists in an inability to find the correct relation between what is organic and what is conjunctural. This leads to presenting causes as immediately operative which in fact only operate indirectly, or to asserting that the immediate causes are the only effective ones … In the first case there is an overestimation of mechanical causes, in the second an exaggeration of the voluntarist and individual element (Gramsci 1971, p. 178).

Type
Articles
Information
New Perspectives on Turkey , Volume 22 , Spring 2000 , pp. 117 - 143
Copyright
Copyright © New Perspectives on Turkey 2000

References

Abou-El-Haj, Rifa'at. 1991. “Power and Social Order: The Uses of the Kanun,” in The Ottoman City and its Parts: Urban Structure and Social Order, ed. Bierman, Irene A., Abou-El-Haj, Rifa'at, and Preziosi, DonaldNew Rochelle, N.Y.: Aristide D. Caratzas, Publisher, pp. 77–99.Google Scholar
Abu-Lughod, Lila. 1990. “The Romance of Resistance: Tracing Transformations of Power Through Bedouin Women,” American Ethnologist 17, pp. 41–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ahmet İzzet, Paşa. 1928. “Harb-i Umumi'nin Vuku' ve Ziya'nda Mes'uller ve Mes'uliyetler,” Akşam.Google Scholar
Akarlı, Engin. 1993. The Long Peace: Ottoman Lebanon, 1861-1920. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Akpınar, Alişan. 1997. Osmanlı Devletinde Aşiret Mektebi, Istanbul: Göçebe Yayınlan.Google Scholar
al-Akwa’, Ismā‘īl b. ‘Alī. 1980. al-Madāris al-Islā;miyya fi al-Yaman. Sana'ā’: Sana‘ā’ University.Google Scholar
Anderson, Lisa. 1990. “Tribe and State: Libyan Anomalies,” in Tribes and State Formation in the Middle East, ed. Khoury, Philip S. and Kostiner, Joseph. Berkeley: University of California Press, pp. 288–302.Google Scholar
Anscombe, Frederick F. 1997. The Ottoman Gulf: The Creation of Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Asad, Talai. 1972. “Political Inequality in the Kababish Tribe,” in Essays in Sudan Ethnography, ed. Cunnison, Ian and James, Wendy. New York: Humanities Press, pp. 126–49.Google Scholar
Asad, Talai. 1993. Genealogies of Religion. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baldry, John. 1976. “Al-Yaman and the Turkish Occupation 1849-1914,” in Arabica, vol. 23, pp. 156-95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bang, Anne K. 1996. The Idrisi State in ‘Asir, 1904-1934. Bergen: Bergen Studies on the Middle East and Africa.Google Scholar
Blumi, Isa. 1998. “The Commodification of Otherness and the Ethnic Unit in the Balkans: How to Think About Albanians,” East European Politics and Society 12, no. 3, pp. 527-69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blumi, Isa. 2000. “To Be İmam: Empire and the Quest for Power in Ottoman Yemen during World War I,” Yeni Türkiye Dergisi (Osmanlı).Google Scholar
Caton, Steve. 1987. “Power, Persuasion, and Language: A Critique of the Segmentary Model in the Middle East,” International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 19, pp. 77–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caton, Steve. 1990. Peaks of Yemen I Summon: Poetry as Cultural Practice in a North Yemeni Tribe. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Chaudhuri, C. H. 1985. Trade and Civilization in the Indian Ocean: An Economic History from the Rise of Islam to 1750. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cole, Juan. 1993. Colonialism and Revolution in the Middle East. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Davison, Roderic. 1963. Reform in the Ottoman Empire, 1856-1876. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Domani, Beshira. 1995. Rediscovering Palestine: Merchants and Peasants in Nablus, 1700-1900. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Dresch, Paul. 1986. “The Significance of the Course Events Take in Segmentary Systems,” American Ethnologist 13, no. 2, pp. 309-24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dresch, Paul. 1993. Tribes, Government and History in Yemen. London: Clarendon.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Echenberg, Myron. 1991. Colonial Conscripts: The tirailleurs séné¬galais in French West Africa, 1857-1960. Portsmouth, N.H.: University of New Hampshire Press.Google Scholar
Eickelman, Dale, and Piscatori, James. 1990. “Social Theory in the Study of Muslim Societies,” in Muslim Travellers, ed. Eickelman, D. and Piscatori, J., Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Findley, Carter V. 1980. Bureaucratic Reform in the Ottoman Empire: The Sublime Porte, 1789-1922. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Gellner, Ernest. 1981. Muslim Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Ghānim, Abū, Ahmad, Fadıl ‘Alī. 1990. al-Qaībla wa al-Dawla fi al-Yaman. Sana‘ā’: Dar al ‘Anād.Google Scholar
Glaser, Eduard. 1884. “Meine Reise durch Arhab und Haschid,” Petermann's Mitteilungen 30, pp. 170-83, 204-13.Google Scholar
Gramsci, Antonio. 1971. Selections from the Prison Notebooks, ed. and trans. Hoare, Quintin and Smith, Geoffrey N.. New York: International Publisher.Google Scholar
al-Hibshī, Muhammad. 1983. Masādir al-fikr al-‘Arabī al-Islāmi fi al-Yaman. Sana‘ā’: Markaz al-Dirāsāt al-Yamaniyyah.Google Scholar
Ingrams, Doreen, and Ingrams, Leila, eds. 1993. Records of Yemen, 1798-1960. 6 vols. London: Archive Editions. Vol. 6.Google Scholar
al-Jirāfi, ‘Abdullah b. ‘Abd al-Karīm. 1951. al-Muqtātaf min ta'rīkh al-Yaman. Cairo: ‘īsā al-Bābī al-Halābī.Google Scholar
Kreiser, Klaus. 1989. ‘Abdülgani Seni: Ein aufgeklärter Imperialist im Jemen (1909-1910),” Jemen-Report 1, pp. 11–15.Google Scholar
Kruse, Hans. 1984. “Takfir und Jihad Bei den Zaiditen des Jemen,” Welt des Islams 23-24, pp. 424-57.Google Scholar
Lenci, Marco. 1990. Eritrea e Yemen: Tensioni italo-turche nel mer Rosso, 1885-1911. Milano: Franco Angeli.Google Scholar
Maier, Charles S. 1975. Recasting Bourgeois Europe. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Mandaville, Jon. 1984. “Memduh Pasha and Aziz Bey: Ottoman Experience in Yemen,” in Contemporary Yemen: Politics and Historical Background, ed. Pridham, B. R.London: Croom Helm, pp. 20–33.Google Scholar
‘al-Maqramī, Abd al-Mālik. 1991. al-Ta'rīkh al-ijtimā'ī lī al-thawrah al-yamanîyya. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr al-Mu'āsir.Google Scholar
Mehra, R. N. 1988. Aden and Yemen (1905-1919). Delhi: Agam Prakashan.Google Scholar
Meissner, Jeffrey. 1987. Tribes at the Core: Legitimacy, Structure and Power in Zaydi Yemen. Ph.D. diss., Columbia University, New York.Google Scholar
Paşa, Muhtar, Ahmed, Gazi. 1996. Anılar: Sergüzeşt-i Hayatımın Cild-i Evveli, Istanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları.Google Scholar
Mundy, Martha. 1995. Domestic Government: Kinship, Community and Polity in North Yemen. London: I. B. Tauris Publishers.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Fahey, Robert S. 1990. Enigmatic Saint: Ahmad Ibn Idris and the İdrisi Tradition. Evanston, Il.: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Peters, Emrys L. 1953. “The Proliferation of Segments in the Lineage of the Bedouin of Cyrenaica,” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 40, pp. 29–53.Google Scholar
Prakash, Gyan. 1995. “After Colonialism,” in After Colonialism: Imperial Histories and Postcolonial Displacements, ed. Prakash, Gyan. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, pp. 3–17.Google Scholar
Raggio, Osvaldo. 1986. “La politica della parentela: Conflitti locali e commissari in Liguria orientale (secoli XVI-XVII),” Quaderni storici, vol. 21, pp. 721-57.Google Scholar
Rogan, Eugene. 1996. “Aşiret Mektebi: Abdülhamid IFs School for Tribes (1892-1907),” International Journal of Middle East Studies 28, pp. 83–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sālim, Sayyid Mustafa. 1971. Takuiīn al-Yaman al-Hadīth: al-Yaman wa al-Imām Yahya, 1904-1948. 4th ed. Cairo: Ma'had al-Buhuth wa-l-Dirāsāt al-‘Arabiyya.Google Scholar
Serjeant, Robert. B. 1982. “The Interplay between Tribal Affinities and Religious (Zaydi) Authority in the Yemen,” Al-Abhath (Beirut) 30, pp. 11–50.Google Scholar
Skocpol, Theda. 1979. States and Social Revolution. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
al-Shamāhi, ‘Abdullah. 1937. Sirat al-‘Arifin ilā Idrāk Ikhtiyãrãt Amir al-Mu'minïn. Sana‘ā’: Matba'at al-Ma'arif.Google Scholar
al-Shimāhi, Qâdï ‘Abdallah b. ‘Abd al-Wahāb al-Mujāhid. 1984. al-Yaman: al-Insãn wa al-Hadārah. Beirut: Minshurātal-Madīnah.Google Scholar
Shryock, Andrew. 1997. Nationalism and the Genealogical Imagination: Oral History and Textual Authority in Tribal Jordan. Berkeley: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tutwiler, Richard. 1987. Tribe, Tribute and Trade: Social Class Formation in Highland Yemen. Ph.D. diss., SUNY at Binghamton.Google Scholar
‘Uthmān Abāzah, Faruq. 1979. al-Hukm al-‘Uthmānī fi -al-Yaman. Beirut: Dar al-‘Awwada.Google Scholar
‘Uthmān Abāzah, Faruq. 1987. ‘Adin wa al-Siyãsa al-Brītaniyya fi al-Bahr al-Ahmar, 1839-1918. Cairo: al-Miya al-Misriyya al-‘Asāma li al-Maktāb. al-Wàsi'î, ‘Abd al-Wāsi’.Google Scholar
‘Uthmān Abāzah, Faruq. 1928. Ta'rīkh al-Yaman. Cairo: al-Matba'at al-Salafiyya.Google Scholar
Zabãra, Muhammad b. Muhammad. 1956. Ā‘immat al-Yaman bi al-Qarn al-Rābi’ ‘Ashar. 3 vols. Cairo: Matba'at al-Salafiyya.Google Scholar