Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-g5fl4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-01T12:00:36.171Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Fairness in the Apportionment of Seats in the Turkish Legislature: Is There Room For Improvement?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 July 2015

Ali Çarkoğlu
Affiliation:
Boğaziçi University, Department of Political Science and International Relations; e-mail:carkogla@boun.edu.trand, erdoga@boun.edu.tr
Emre Erdoğan
Affiliation:
Boğaziçi University, Department of Political Science and International Relations; e-mail:carkogla@boun.edu.trand, erdoga@boun.edu.tr

Extract

As new elections approach, Turkish political agenda is once again dominated by discussions of election systems and impending changes in the existing one. These discussions are not without consequence. Since the first competitive and fair elections of 1950, twelve general elections have been held and a total of 37 legislative arrangements concerning elections have been implemented. Three of those were passed by the parliament just before the December 1995 elections (Tuncer, 1997, 5). The new early election, expected to be held in April 1999, seems to be no exception to this general pattern. Besides incessant attention in the media paid to the characteristics of the existing election system in Turkey and their political consequences, a number of publications appeared over the past few years following the 1995 election that reflect an intense debate about how the election system should be changed.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © New Perspectives on Turkey 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Balinski, A. and Young, H.P.. 1985. “The Apportionment of Representation” in Young, H.P. (ed.) Fair Allocation. Providence Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society.Google Scholar
Balinski, A. and Young, H.P.. 1982. Fair Representation, Meeting the Ideal of One Man, One Vote. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Çarkoğlu, A. 1998. “Türkiye'de Temsil Adaleti: İllerin Meclis'de Sandalye Dağılımında Gelişmeler (Representational Justice in Turkey: Developments in the Distribution of Seats in the Parliament)” in Turkish, in Suna Kili'ye Armağan, Cumhuriyet'e Adanmış Bir Yaşam, Boğaziçi University Press.Google Scholar
Eroğlu, C. 1990. Demokrat Parti: Tarihi ve İdeolojisi (Democrat Party: Its History and Ideology), in Turkish, Second Printing, İmge Yayınevi.Google Scholar
Gürsel, S. 1996a. “Türkiye'de Siyaset ve İki Turlu Seçim Sistemi” (Politics in Turkey and the Runoff Election System), in Turkish, in Türkiye ve Avrupa'da Seçim Sistemleri (Election Systems in Turkey and Europe), Istanbul: Friedrich Ebert Foundation Publications.Google Scholar
Gürsel, S. 1996b. Seçim Sistemi Tartışması ve İki Turlu Sistem (Election System Debate and the Runoff System), in Turkish, Istanbul: TÜSİAD Publications.Google Scholar
Hacker, A. 1963. Congressional Districting, The Issue of Equal Representation. Washington D.C.: The Brookings Institute.Google Scholar
İnceoğlu, N. 1996. “Türkiye'de Siyasi Partilerin Seçim Sistemiyle İlgili Yaklaşımları Üzerine bir Değerlendirme” (An Evaluation of Political Parties' Approaches to the Election System in Turkey), in Turkish, in Türkiye ve Avrupa'da Seçim Sistemleri (Election Systems in Turkey and Europe), Istanbul: Friedrich Ebert Foundation Publications.Google Scholar
Keskin, A. 1997. “Temsilde Adaleti Sağlayan Seçim Sistemi” (An Election System that Ensures Representational Justice), in Turkish, İktisat Dergisi, December, pp. 1314.Google Scholar
Kotil, A. 1997. “Seçim Sistemi ve Siyasal Sistem Üzerine Etkileri” (The Election System and Its Impacts on the Political System), in Turkish, İktisat Dergisi, December, pp. 3946.Google Scholar
Laakso, M. and Taagepera, R.. “Effective Number of Parties: A Measure with Application to Europe,” Comparative Political Studies, 12, pp. 327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mumcu, E. 1997. “Seçim Sistemi, Temsil ve Siyasal Katılım” (The Election System, Representation and Political Participation), in Turkish, İktisat Dergisi, December, pp. 1823.Google Scholar
Reeve, A. and Ware, A.. 1992. Electoral Systems: A Comparative Introduction. Routledge.Google Scholar
State Planning Organization. 1997. İller ve Bölgeler İtibariyle Çeşitli Göstergeler (Various Provincial Economic and Social Indicators), in Turkish. Bölgesel Gelişme ve Yapısal Uyum Genel Müdürlüğü. Ankara.Google Scholar
Taagepera, R. and Shugart, M. S.. 1989. Seats and Votes: The Effects and Determinants of Electoral Systems. Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Tuncer, E. 1996. “Seçim Sistemi Uygulamalarda Türkiye Örneği (The Example of Turkey in Election System Applications),” in Turkish, in Türkiye ve Avrupa'da Seçim Sistemleri (Election Systems in Turkey and Europe), Istanbul: Friedrich Ebert Foundation Publications.Google Scholar
Tuncer, E. 1997. “Seçim Sistemleri ve Türkiye Örneği (Election Systems and the Example of Turkey),” in Turkish, İktisat Dergisi, December, pp. 510.Google Scholar
Türk, H. S. 1996. “Demokratik Rejimlerde Seçim Kanunları ve Türkiye İçin Bir Seçim Kanunu önerisi (Election Systems in Democratic Regimes and a New Election System Proposal for Turkey),” in Turkish, in Türkiye ve Avrupa'da Seçim Sistemleri (Election Systems in Turkey and Europe), Istanbul: Friedrich Ebert Foundation Publications.Google Scholar
Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi (TBMM). 1982. Seçim, Seçim Sistemleri ve Türkiye'deki Uygulamalar. Ankara: TBMM Basımevi.Google Scholar
Türkiye Genç İşadamları Derneği (TÜGİAD). 1996. 2000'li Yıllara Doğru Türkiye'nin Önde Gelen Sorunlarına Yaklaşımlar: Seçim Sistemi (Turkey's Most Important Problems Towards the Year 2000: The Election System), in Turkish. Istanbul: TÜGİAD Publications.Google Scholar
Tüzel, A.L. 1997. “Demokrasi Bayrağı Emekçilerin Ellerinde Yükselebilir (The Flag of Democracy can Rise in the Hands of the Proletariat),” in Turkish, İktisat Dergisi, December, pp. 1518.Google Scholar
Young, H.P. 1994. Equity in Theory and Practice. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar