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Electrical Stability of Biocompatible Electrodes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2011

L. He  and
W. A. Anderson
L. He
Affiliation:
State University of New York at Buffalo, Center for Electronic and Electro-Optic Materials, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 217 Bonner Hall, Amherst, NY 14260
W. A. Anderson
Affiliation:
State University of New York at Buffalo, Center for Electronic and Electro-Optic Materials, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 217 Bonner Hall, Amherst, NY 14260
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Abstract

Biocompatible electrodes were fabricated using ordinary semiconductor device processing techniques. For the purpose of identifying electrically stable electrode materials, which are biocompatible for long life, several kinds of contact metal were used. From a comparison of the metal elemental constants, it is suggested that the metal atom ionization energy, cohesive energy and the metal material conductivity may be the major factors to decide the material biocompatibility. Electrical testing shows Pd, with high atom ionization energy and low electrical conductivity, to have the best long life stability. In a test of 140 hours in saline solution with electrical power, the average maximum resistance deviation for a Pd electrode was 5%. The metal Ru, with high atom cohesive energy, has the best ability to withstand surface erosion for biocompatibility requirements. In a microscopic examination, the surface erosion for the Ru layer was invisible after 140 hours testing. The double-layer structures Pd/Ru and Mo/Ru were also tested. The maximum resistance deviations were found to be 7% and 9%, respectively.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 252: Symposium T – Tissue-Inducing Biomaterials , 1991 , 301
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1992

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References

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