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Ultrastructure of Bone Mineralization and Osseointegration with Hydroxyapatite-Coated Bone Implants in Vivo

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 July 2020

Linn W. Hobbs ,
A.E. Porter ,
V.I. Benezra ,
G.W. Blunn ,
M.J. Coathup  and
M. Spector
Linn W. Hobbs
Affiliation:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139
A.E. Porter
Affiliation:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139 Imperial College of Science, Technology & Medicine, London, UK
V.I. Benezra
Affiliation:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139
G.W. Blunn
Affiliation:
University College, London and Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore.Middx., UK
M.J. Coathup
Affiliation:
University College, London and Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore.Middx., UK
M. Spector
Affiliation:
Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115
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Abstract

The need to optimize adhesion between the femoral stem and surrounding tissue has led to the development of plasma-sprayed HA (PSHA) coatings as attachment facilitators for hip prostheses. The mechanisms underlying this facilitation are incompletely understood, and the long-term efficacy of HA coatings in maintaining bonding to bone remains largely unexplored. in this study, two in vivo models—canine and human—were employed for study by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to elucidate the sequence of early bone mineralization and the longer term fate of HA coatings. High-resolution SEM and TEM of whole bone and anorganic bone were employed to establish the structure of mature bone for comparison.

Whole and Anorganic Bone.Anorganic bone derived from bovine trabecular bone was examined in low-voltage field-emission SEM(LV-FESEM) and high-resolution TEM to establish the morphology of the mineral component of bone [1,2]. Trabeculae were seen to comprise oriented fiber bundles (Fig. 1), each fiber comprising an array of oriented apatite platelets (Fig. 2) arranged like a sheared stack of dominoes with approximately the 64-nm stagger of collagen hole zones.

Type
Advances in Imaging Techniques for Biomaterlals (Organized by S. Eppel)
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 7 , Issue S2: Proceedings: Microscopy & Microanalysis 2001, Microscopy Society of America 59th Annual Meeting, Microbeam Analysis Society 35th Annual Meeting, Long Beach, California August 5-9, 2001 , August 2001 , pp. 114 - 115
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2001

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References

references

1)Benezra, V., Spector, M. and Hobbs, L. W., "Use of low-voltage high-resolution SEM to reveal architectural organization of bone mineral," in: Microscopy & Microanalysis 3 [Suppl. 2] (1997) 1227-28.Google Scholar
2)Benezra, V., Hobbs, L. W. and Spector, M., "Ultrastructure and architecture of bone mineral and selected synthetic bone substitutes revealed by low-voltage high-resolution SEM," Trans. Soc. for Biomaterials 20 (1997) 140.Google Scholar
3)Benezra, V., Hoang, L., Hobbs, L. W., Nancollas, G. H., Kearney, M. and Spector, M., "Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies of the early responses of bone to HA-coated Ti-6Al-4V in vivo," Trans. Soc. for Biomaterials 18 (1995) 69.Google Scholar
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5)Porter, A.E., Benezra Rosen, V., Hobbs, L. W. and Spector, M.,"The ultrastructure of plasma-sprayed ha/bone interface predisposing to bone bonding," Sixth World Biomater. Cong.(2000) p. 629.Google Scholar
6)Coathup, M. J., Blunn, G. W., Flynn, N., Williams, C. and Thomas, N. P., "A comparison of boneremodeling around hydroxyapatite coated, porous uncoated and grit blasted hip replacements retrieved at autopsy," Sixth World Biomat. Cong. (2000) p. 185.Google Scholar
7) This work was supported by the Division of Bioengineering and Environmental Systems, NSF, Grant 9904046. The authors also acknowledge the additional assistance of the Armourer & Brasiers Company (AEP), The BioKinetix Foundation (MS), Biomet Merk Ltd. (GWB, MJC) and Dr.J. Garratt-Reed, Anthony.Google Scholar