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Polarization Second Harmonic Generation Discriminates Between Fresh and Aged Starch-Based Adhesives Used in Cultural Heritage

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 September 2016

Sotiris Psilodimitrakopoulos ,
Evaggelia Gavgiotaki ,
Kristallia Melessanaki ,
Vassilis Tsafas  and
George Filippidis
Sotiris Psilodimitrakopoulos*
Affiliation:
Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), 100 N. Plastira Street, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Evaggelia Gavgiotaki
Affiliation:
Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), 100 N. Plastira Street, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Kristallia Melessanaki
Affiliation:
Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), 100 N. Plastira Street, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Vassilis Tsafas
Affiliation:
Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), 100 N. Plastira Street, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece Department of Physics, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
George Filippidis
Affiliation:
Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), 100 N. Plastira Street, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
*
*Corresponding author.sopsilo@iesl.forth.gr
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Abstract

In this work, we report that polarization second harmonic generation (PSHG) microscopy, commonly used in biomedical imaging, can quantitatively discriminate naturally aged from fresh starch-based glues used for conservation or restoration of paintings, works of art on paper, and books. Several samples of fresh and aged (7 years) flour and starch pastes were investigated by use of PSHG. In these types of adhesives, widely used in cultural heritage conservation, second harmonic generation (SHG) contrast originates primarily from the starch granules. It was found that in aged glues, the starch SHG effective orientation (SHG angle, θ) shifts to significantly higher values in comparison to the fresh granules. This shift is attributed to the different degree of granule hydration between fresh and aged adhesives. Thus noninvasive high-resolution nonlinear scattering can be employed to detect and quantify the degree of deterioration of restoration adhesives and to provide guidance toward future conservation treatments.

Keywords

polarization second harmonic generationnonlinear microscopycultural heritageconservation-restorationstarch-based adhesives
Type
Biological Applications
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 22 , Issue 5 , October 2016 , pp. 1072 - 1083
Copyright
© Microscopy Society of America 2016 

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