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Combined Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Techniques for A Rapid Assessment of the Effect and Cell Viability of Scenedesmus sp. DE2009 Under Metal Stress

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 June 2019

Laia Millach Open the ORCID record for Laia Millach [Opens in a new window] ,
Eduard Villagrasa Open the ORCID record for Eduard Villagrasa [Opens in a new window] ,
Antonio Solé Open the ORCID record for Antonio Solé [Opens in a new window]  and
Isabel Esteve
Laia Millach*
Affiliation:
Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
Eduard Villagrasa
Affiliation:
Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
Antonio Solé
Affiliation:
Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
Isabel Esteve
Affiliation:
Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
*
*Author for correspondence: Laia Millach, E-mail: lmillach@gmail.com
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Abstract

Phototrophic microorganisms are the dominant populations in microbial mats, which play an important role in stabilizing sediments, such as happens in the Ebro Delta. These microorganisms are exposed to low metal concentrations over a long period of time. Distinct methods have been used to evaluate their toxic effect on the preservation of these ecosystems. Nevertheless, most of these techniques are difficult to apply in isolated phototrophs because (i) they usually form consortia with heterotrophic bacteria, (ii) are difficult to obtain in axenic cultures, and (iii) do not grow on solid media.

In this study, and for the first time, a combination of fast, non-invasive, and in vivo Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) techniques were applied in a consortium of Scenedesmus sp. DE2009 to analyze its physiological state and viability under metal stress conditions. Microalga was more resistant to Pb followed by Cr and Cu. However, in multimetal combinations, the presence of Cu negatively affected microalga growth. Additionally, the inhibitory concentration (IC) values were also calculated by CLSM pigment analysis. The result determines a higher degree of toxicity for Cu and Cr in comparison to Pb. The high sensitivity of these CLSM-methods to detect low concentrations allows consideration of Scenedesmus sp. DE2009 as a good bioindicator of metal pollution in natural environments.

Keywords

Autofluorescence signalsCell viabilityPhototrophic microorganismsConfocal Laser Scanning MicroscopyMetal stressScenedesmus sp. DE2009
Type
Biological Applications
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 25 , Issue 4 , August 2019 , pp. 998 - 1003
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2019 

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