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Vertical and horizontal distribution of phytoplankton around an oceanic archipelago of the Equatorial Atlantic

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 October 2015

Andressa Ribeiro De Queiroz ,
Manuel Flores Montes ,
Pedro Augusto Mendes de Castro Melo ,
Rodolfo Araújo da Silva  and
Maria Luise Koening
Andressa Ribeiro De Queiroz*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Arquitetura s/n, 50740-550 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
Manuel Flores Montes
Affiliation:
Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Arquitetura s/n, 50740-550 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
Pedro Augusto Mendes de Castro Melo
Affiliation:
Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemas Aquáticos Tropicais), Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade (Salobrinho), Km 16 – BR-415, 45662-900 Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
Rodolfo Araújo da Silva
Affiliation:
Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Arquitetura s/n, 50740-550 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
Maria Luise Koening
Affiliation:
Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Arquitetura s/n, 50740-550 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: A.R. De Queiroz, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Arquitetura s/n, 50740-550, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil email: aribeiroq@yahoo.com.br
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Abstract

The surrounding area of the St. Peter and St. Paul Archipelago (SPSPA) (0°55′10″N 29°20′33″W) was investigated in order to verify the physical and chemical influences in species composition and abundance, and the patterns of distribution of phytoplankton in the water column, especially in the thermocline depths. The expedition was held on board the Cruzeiro do Sul Hydro-oceanographic ship, from 21 to 23 July 2010 in two perpendicular and opposite transects. A cylinder-conical net and Niskin bottles were used. Two water masses were identified (Tropical Water and South Atlantic Central Water), and the thermocline depths varied from 40 to 110 m. A total of 128 species of phytoplanktonic organisms were identified, belonging to four phyla. The most conspicuous species was the cyanobacteria Trichodesmium thiebautii; nevertheless, 22 species were considered new registers for the region. The total phytoplanktonic density (1 × 103 to 183 × 103 cells l−1) was low and typical of oligotrophic regions, decreasing slightly with depth. Among the 35 species identified in the vertical distribution, 22 were present in the thermocline depth. The total density of Trichodesmium thiebautii, Oxytoxum longiceps and Protoperidinium minimum had significant correlations with the physical and chemical parameters. These data indicate that SPSPA can be associated to an island mass effect in the local oceanic circulation that mainly affects the physical and chemical characteristics of the surrounding waters. Consequently, these interactions influence the phytoplanktonic community, mainly those located at the end of the photic zone and those that are under the influence of thermocline oscillation.

Keywords

oceanic islandisland effectdeep chlorophyll maximumSt. Peter and St. Paul Archipelago
Type
Research Article
Information
Marine Biodiversity Records , Volume 8 , 2015 , e155
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2015 

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References

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