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Custom and Law in the Social Order: Some reflections upon French Catalan peasant communities

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 October 2011

Extract

Until assuming the violent form most strikingly exemplified in France by the explosions of 1789 and 1848, the century-long movement of resistance and emancipation of the European peasantry mainly occurred in the legal domain. The focus of opposition was towards the attempt to impose a normative system which sought to undermine the working rules of peasant communities. It was carried through, for example, by protesting against seignorial obligations or by asserting claims to the free use of forests and communal pastures. In such actions the peasant will, revitalized by periodic subsistence crises, tried to maintain control over legal institutions, and therefore to retain relative social autonomy.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © the American Society for Legal History, Inc. 1983

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References

1. Soboul, Albert, Problèmes Paysans de la Révolution Francaise, 1789–1848, (Paris, 1976Google Scholar).

2. The fieldwork upon which the author's discussion is based was carried out from 1976 to the present in Capcir and Cerdagne (Pyrénés–Orientales). For a detailed consideration of the evidence, see Assier-Andrieu, L., Coutume et Rapports Sociaux. Etude Anthropologique des Communautés Paysannes du Capcir, (Paris, 1981Google Scholar).

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18. The Capcir is considered to be one of those Pyrenean ‘redoubts’ refractory until the late nineteenth century to a men's literacy process that happened to be effective as soon as eighteenth century in the western region of Béarn. Fabre, Daniel, ‘Alphabétisation et cultures populaires dans les Pyrénées. Propositions pour une recherche,’ in Les Pyrénées et les Carpathes (XVIe-XXe siècles,) (Varsovie-Cracovie, 1981) 113–34Google Scholar.

19. It would be necessary to gather all the acts dealing with private land access in each community over several generations.

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