Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-4rdrl Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-20T22:51:54.107Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Women and Working-Class Mobilization in Postwar São Paulo, 1945–1948

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 October 2022

John D. French  and
Mary Lynn Pedersen
John D. French
Affiliation:
Florida International University
Mary Lynn Pedersen
Affiliation:
University of Georgia
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

It has often been observed that “Where power is, women are not.” Noting women's virtual absence from the realm of conventional politics, Jane Jaquette urged scholars in 1980 to look beyond elections in studying female political participation in Latin America. Arguing for an “expanded notion of the political,” she called for research on female participation within different social classes, especially their role in “informal networks, … clientele linkages, … strike activities, urban land seizures and barrio politics”. This article employs a community study method to investigate women's grass-roots participation in politics and labor mobilization following World War II in the region of greater São Paulo known as ABC (named after the municipios of Santo André, São Bernardo do Campo, and São Caetano).

Type
Research Article
Information
Latin American Research Review , Volume 24 , Issue 3 , 1989 , pp. 99 - 125
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the University of Texas Press

Footnotes

*

An earlier version of this article was presented at the Fourth Latin American Labor History Conference on 18–19 April 1987, sponsored by the Yale University Council for Latin American Studies and the University of Connecticut Center for Studies of Latin America and the Caribbean (French 1988b). The author would like to thank Emilia Viotti da Costa, Deborah Levenson, Asunción Lavrin, Catherine Taylor, Teresa Veccia, Joel Wolfe, and the four anonymous LAR readers for their helpful comments. Marianne Schmink also provided useful bibliographical suggestions. This research was undertaken with grants from the Women and Gender Research Institute of Utah State University, with the help of research assistant Mary Lynn Pedersen.

References

Alambert, Zuleika 1980 A Situação e Organização da Mulher. São Paulo: Global.Google Scholar
ALESP (ASSEMBLEIA LEGISLATIVA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO) 1947 Anais da Assembléia Legislativa do Estado de São Paulo 5:155–71.Google Scholar
Alves, Branca Moreira 1980 Ideología e Feminismo. Petrópolis: Vozes.Google Scholar
Barrig, Maruja 1986 Las obreras. Lima: Mosca Azul, Adec.Google Scholar
Bilac, Elisabete Doria 1978 Famílias de Trabalhadores: Estrategias de Sobrevivência. São Paulo: Símbolo.Google Scholar
Blachman, Morris J. 1976 “Eve in an Adamocracy: The Politics of Women in Brazil.” Ph.D. diss., New York University.Google Scholar
Blay, Eva Alterman 1973 “Trabalho, Família e Classes Sociais em São Paulo.” Revista do Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros 13:87–99.Google Scholar
Bolsonaro De Moura, Esmeralda Blanco 1982 Mulheres e Menores no Trabalho Industrial: Os Fatores Sexo e Idade na Dinâmica do Capital. Petrópolis: Vozes.Google Scholar
Candido, Antonio 1980 Teresina Etc. Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra.Google Scholar
Carone, Edgard, ED. 1982 O PCB 1943 a 1964, vol. 2. São Paulo: DIFEL.Google Scholar
Cesarino, A. F. Jr. 1957 Direito Social Brasileiro. 4th. ed, vol. 2. Rio de Janeiro: Freitas Bastos.Google Scholar
CONSELHO ESTADUAL DA CONDIÇÃO FEMININA AND CENTRO DE MEMORIA SINDICAL 1985 Mulheres Operárias. São Paulo: Conselho Estadual da Condição Feminina, Centro de Memoria Sindical.Google Scholar
Correia, Francisco 1986 “Mulheres Libertárias: Um Roteiro.” In Libertários no Brasil: Memória, Lutas, Cultura, edited by Prado, António Arnoni. São Paulo: Brasiliense.Google Scholar
Fausto Neto, Ana Maria Q. 1982 Família Operária e Reprodução da Força do Trabalho. Petrópolis: Vozes.Google Scholar
French, John D. 1985 “Industrial Workers and the Origin of Populist Politics in the ABC Region of Greater São Paulo, Brazil, 1900–1950.” Ph.D. diss., Yale University.Google Scholar
French, John D. 1988a “Workers and the Rise of Adhemarista Populism in São Paulo, Brazil, 1945–1947.” Hispanic American Historical Review 68, no. 1:1–43.Google Scholar
French, John D. 1988b “Fourth Conference on Latin American Labor History.” International Labor and Working-Class History 33:87–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
French, John D. 1989 “Industrial Workers and the Birth of the Populist Republic in Brazil, 1945–1946.” Latin American Perspectives 16, no. 4 (Fall).Google Scholar
French, John D., and Pedersen, Mary Lynn n.d. “Women and Electoral Participation: ABC, São Paulo, and Brazil in Comparative Perspective.” Manuscript.Google Scholar
Gitahy, Leda, Humphrey, John, Lobo, Elizabeth, and Moyses, Rosa Lucia 1982 “Luttes ouvrieres et luttes des ouvrieres a São Bernardo do Campo.” Cahiers des Ameriques Latines 26:11–37.Google Scholar
Hahner, June 1985 “Recent Research on Women in Brazil.” LAR 20, no. 3:163–79.Google Scholar
Jacquette, Jane 1980 “Female Political Participation in Latin America.” In NASH AND SAFA 1980.Google Scholar
Kyle, Patricia A., and Francis, Michael J. 1978 “Women at the Polls: The Case of Chile, 1970–1971.” Comparative Political Studies 11, no. 3 (Oct.):291–316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lavrin, Asuncion 1987 “Women, the Family, and Social Change in Latin America.” World Affairs 150, no. 2:109–28.Google Scholar
Leacock, Eleanor, Safa, Helen I. ET AL. 1986 Women's Work: Development and the Division of Labor by Gender. South Hadley, Mass.: Bergin and Garvey.Google Scholar
Leite, Rosalina De Santa Cruz 1982 A Operária Metalúrgica: Estudo sobre as Condições de Vida e Trabalho de Operárias Metalúrgicas na Cidade de São Paulo. São Paulo: Semente.Google Scholar
Lewis, Paul H. 1971 “The Female Vote in Argentina, 1958–1965.” Comparative Political Studies 3, no. 4:425–41.Google Scholar
Lovenduski, Joni, and Hills, Jill 1981 The Politics of the Second Electorate: Women and Public Participation. Boston: Routledge and Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Macedo, Carmen Cinira 1979 A Reprodução da Desigualdade: O Projeto de Vida Familiar de um Grupo Operário. São Paulo: Hucitec.Google Scholar
Maranhão, Ricardo 1979 Sindicatos e Democratização (Brasil 1945–1950). São Paulo: Brasiliense.Google Scholar
Miranda, Maria Augusta Tibiriça 1980 Alice Tibiriça: Luta e Ideais. N.p.: PLG Comunicação.Google Scholar
Montenegro, Ana 1981 “Notas Indicativas para urna Memória do Movimento Feminino no Brasil, 1945–1964.” In Ana Montenegro, Ser ou Não Ser Feminista, 63–103. Recife: Guarararapes.Google Scholar
Montgomery, David 1987 The Fall of the House of Labor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nash, June, and Safa, Helen Icken, EDS. 1980 Sex and Class in Latin America. South Hadley, Mass.: J. F. Bergin.Google Scholar
Nash, June, and Safa, Helen Icken, EDS. 1986 Women and Change in Latin America. South Hadley, Mass.: J. F. Bergin.Google Scholar
Navarro, Marysa 1985 “Hidden, Silent, and Anonymous: Women Workers in the Argentine Trade Union Movement.” In The World of Women's Trade Unionism: Comparative Historical Essays, edited by Soldon, Norbert C., 165–98. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood.Google Scholar
Nogueira, Marco Aurelio, ED. 1980 PCB: Vinte Anos de Política. São Paulo: Ciências Humanas.Google Scholar
Pena, Maria Valeria Junho 1981 Mulheres e Trabalhadoras: Presença Feminina na Constituição do Sistema Fabril. Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra.Google Scholar
Pereira, Luiz 1976 A Escola numa Area Metropolitana. São Paulo: Pioneira.Google Scholar
Peterson, Brian 1977 “The Politics of Working-Class Women in the Weimar Republic.” Central European History 10, no. 2:87–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rainho, Luis Flavio, and Bargas, Osvaldo Martins 1983 As Lutas Operárias e Sindicais dos Metalúrgicos em São Bernardo, 1977–1979. São Bernardo do Campo: Associação Beneficente e Cultural dos Metalúrgicos.Google Scholar
Rodrigues, Arakcy M. 1978 Operário, Operária: Estudo Exploratório sobre o Proletariado Industrial da Grande São Paulo. São Paulo: Símbolo.Google Scholar
Rodrigues, Jessita Martins 1979 A Mulher Operária: Um Estudo sobre Teçelãs. São Paulo: Hucitec.Google Scholar
Safa, Helen 1986 “Female Employment in the Puerto Rican Working Class.” In NASH AND SAFA 1986.Google Scholar
Saffioti, Heleieth I. B. 1976 A Mulher na Sociedade de Classes. Petrópolis: Vozes.Google Scholar
Saffioti, Heleieth I. B. 1980 “Relationships of Sex and Social Class in Brazil.” In NASH AND SAFA 1980.Google Scholar
Saffioti, Heleieth I. B. 1981 Do Artesanal ao Industrial: A Exploração da Mulher; Um Estudo de Operárias Texteis e de Confecções no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos. São Paulo: Hucitec.Google Scholar
Saffioti, Heleieth I. B. 1986 “Technological Change in Brazil: Its Effects on Men and Women in Two Firms.” In NASH AND SAFA 1986.Google Scholar
Schmink, Marianne 1986 “Women and Urban Industrial Development in Brazil.” In NASH AND SAFA 1986.Google Scholar
Silva, Luis Inacio Da 1981 Lula: Entrevistas e Discursos. 2nd ed. Guarulhos, São Paulo: O Reporter de Guarulhos.Google Scholar
Smith, Russell E. 1988 “Male-Female Wage Differentials, Real Wage Levels, and Minimum Wage Policy in the São Paulo Textile Industry, 1961–1976.” Paper presented at the International Industrial Relations Association Study Group on Urban Labour Markets in Developing Countries, Quebec City, 27 August.Google Scholar
Souza-Lobo, Elisabeth, and Higgs, Elizabeth 1983 “As Operárias, o Sindicato, e o Discurso Sociológico.” Paper presented at the Encontro Anual da Associação Nacional de Pós Graduação e Pesquisa em Ciências Sociais, Aguas de São Pedro, São Paulo, October.Google Scholar
Steffen, Cristina, Leal, Magdalena Leon De, and Rothlisberger, Dora 1978 La participación política de la mujer en la clase obrera: un estudio de caso. Bogotá: Universidad de los Andes and Asociación Colombiana para el Estudio de la Población.Google Scholar
Stoner, K. Lynn 1987 “Directions in Latin American Women's History, 1977–1985.” LAR 22, no. 2:101–34.Google Scholar
Tabak, Fanny 1983 Autoritarismo e Participação Política da Mulher. Rio de Janeiro: Graal.Google Scholar
Tabak, Fanny, and Toscano, Moema 1982 Mulher e Política. Rio de Janeiro: Paz e TerraGoogle Scholar
Vangelista, Chiara 1978 “Per una ricerca sul mercato del lavoro: la mobilità della manodopera in una filatura paulista.” Nova Americana 3.Google Scholar
Vinhas, Moises 1970 Estudos sobre o Proletariado Brasileiro. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira.Google Scholar
Weffort, Francisco 1973 “Origens do Sindicalismo Populista no Brasil.” Estudos CEBRAP 4.Google Scholar
Wells, John 1983 “Industrial Accumulation and Living Standards in the Long Run: The São Paulo Industrial Working Class, 1930–1975 (Part I).” Journal of Development Studies 19, no. 2 (Jan. 1983):145–69.Google Scholar
Zeitlin, Maurice, and Petras, James 1970 “The Working-Class Vote in Chile: Christian Democracy versus Marxism.” British Journal of Sociology 21, no. 1:16–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zylberstajn, Helio, Pagotto, Carmen Silvia, and Pastore, Jose 1985 A Mulher e o Menor na Força de Trabalho. São Paulo: Nobel.Google Scholar