Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-wxhwt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-12T19:27:19.899Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Central American Migration: A Framework for Analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 October 2022

Nora Hamilton
Affiliation:
University of Southern California
Norma Stoltz Chinchilla
Affiliation:
California State University, Long Beach
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The subject of Central American migration encompasses a broad range of experiences that challenge traditional approaches to migration studies. Past interpretations of migration have tended to be based on mutually exclusive typologies or to focus on certain dimensions of migration while excluding others. Thus migration could be internal or international, cyclical, temporary, or permanent, voluntary or involuntary, economically or politically motivated (the latter issue often treated in a separate literature on refugees and exiles), motivated by “push” factors in the country of origin or “pull” factors in the receiving country, or the result of individual decisions or underlying structural conditions.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1991 by the University of Texas Press

Footnotes

The authors would like to thank the reviewers and editors of LAR for their very helpful comments and suggestions.

References

Achaerandio, Luis 1983Introducción al problema de los desplazados en El Salvador (1980–1983).” Boletín de Psicología (San Salvador) 2 (July–September).Google Scholar
Aguayo, Sergio 1985 El éxodo centroamericano: consecuencias de un conflicto. Mexico City: Secretaría de Educación Pública.Google Scholar
Aguayo, Sergio, and Fagen, Patricia Weiss 1988 Central Americans in Mexico and the United States. Washington, D.C.: Hemispheric Migration Project, CIPRA, Georgetown University.Google Scholar
Alens, Alex 1984 Socio-Demographic and Economic Characteristics of Displaced Persons in El Salvador. Washington, D.C.: Intergovernmental Committee for Migration, Hemispheric Migration Project.Google Scholar
AMERICAS WATCH 1987 The Civilian Toll, 1986–1987: Ninth Supplement to the Report on Human Rights in El Salvador. New York: Americas Watch.Google Scholar
Armstrong, Robert, and Shenk, Janet 1982 El Salvador: The Face of Revolution. Boston: South End Press.Google Scholar
Bach, Robert L. 1985 Western Hemispheric Immigration to the United States: A Review of Selected Research Trends. Washington, D.C.: Center for Immigration Policy and Refugee Assistance, Georgetown University.Google Scholar
Black, George, Jamail, Milton, and Chinchilla, Norma Stoltz 1984 Garrison Guatemala. New York: Monthly Review Press.Google Scholar
Browning, David 1971 El Salvador: Landscape and Society. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Bulmer-Thomas, Victor 1987 The Political Economy of Central America since 1920. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Castillo Rivas, Donald 1980 Acumulación de capital y empresas transnacionales en Centroamérica. Mexico City: Siglo Veintiuno.Google Scholar
Chaney, Elsa M. 1985 Migration from the Caribbean Region : Determinants and Effects of Current Movements. Hemisphere Migration Project Occasional Paper Series. Washington, D.C.: Center for Immigration Policy and Refugee Assistance, Georgetown University.Google Scholar
Cheng, Lucie, and Bonacich, Edna, EDS. 1984 Labor Immigration under Capitalism: Asian Workers in the United States before World War II. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Chinchilla, Norma Stolz, and Hamilton, Nora 1984aCharacteristics of Central American Migration to Southern California.” Paper presented at the Illinois Conference of Latin Americanists, University of Illinois, Chicago, 15–17 November.Google Scholar
Chinchilla, Norma Stolz, and Hamilton, Nora 1984bPrelude to Revolution: U.S. Investment in Central America.” In The Politics of Intervention, edited by Burbach, Roger and Flynn, Patricia. New York: Monthly Review.Google Scholar
Clay, Jason W. 1984Guatemalan Refugees in Mexico: An Introduction.” Cultural Survival Quarterly 8, no. 3 (Fall):4649.Google Scholar
Cohen, Robin 1987 The New Helots: Migrants in the International Division of Labor. Brookfield, Vt.: Gower.Google Scholar
CONADES (COMISION NACIONAL DE ASISTENCIA A LA POBLACION DESPLAZADA) 1983 Detalle por municipio de la población desplazada hasta el 31 de octubre de 1983. CONADES mimeo, San Salvador.Google Scholar
Cornelius, Wayne A. 1980Mexican Immigration: Causes and Consequences for Mexico.” In Sourcebook on the New Immigration: Implications for the United States and the International Community, edited by Bryce-Laporte, Roy Simon. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction.Google Scholar
Cornelius, Wayne A. 1988Los migrantes de la crisis: The Changing Profile of Mexican Labor Migration to California in the 1980s.” Paper presented at the conference “Population and Work in Regional Settings, ” El Colegio de Michoacán, Zamora, 28–30 November.Google Scholar
COYUNTURA ECONOMICA 1989Condiciones de vida y fuerzas sociales.” Coyuntura Económica 4, no. 24 (Mar.–Apr.):3438. Published by the Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas, Universidad de El Salvador.Google Scholar
CSUCA (CONSEJO SUPERIOR UNIVERSITARIA CENTROAMERICANA) 1978a Estructura agraria, dinámica de población y desarrollo capitalista en Centroamérica. San José: Editorial Universitaria Centroamericana.Google Scholar
CSUCA (CONSEJO SUPERIOR UNIVERSITARIA CENTROAMERICANA) 1978b Estructura demográfica y migraciones internas en Centroamérica. San José: Editorial Universitaria Centroamericana.Google Scholar
Cue, Reynaldo A., and Bach, Robert L. 1980The Return of the Clandestine Worker and the End of the Golden Exile: Recent Mexican and Cuban Immigrants in the United States.” In Sourcebook on the New Immigration: Implications for the United States and the International Community, edited by Bryce-Laporte, Roy Simon. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction.Google Scholar
Deere, Carmen Diana, and Diskin, Martin 1984 Rural Poverty in El Salvador: Dimensions, Trends, and Causes. Geneva: International Labour Office, World Employment Programme Research.Google Scholar
Deere, Carmen Diana, and Marchetti, Peter 1981The Worker-Peasant Alliance in the First Year of the Nicaraguan Agrarian Reform.” Latin American Perspectives 8, no. 2 (Spring):4073.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Durham, William H. 1979 Scarcity and Survival in Central America: Ecological Origins of the Soccer War. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
ECLAC (ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN) 1986 The Economic Crisis: Policies for Adjustment, Stabilization, and Growth. Santiago: Cuadernos de la CEPAL.Google Scholar
Espenshade, Thomas J., Bean, Frank D., Goodis, Tracy Ann, and White, Michael J. 1988 Immigration Policy in the United States: Future Prospects for the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986. Washington, D.C.: Urban Institute.Google Scholar
Espenshade, Thomas J., and Goodis, Tracy Ann 1985 Recent Immigrants to Los Angeles: Characteristics and Labor Market Impacts. Washington, D.C.: Urban Institute.Google Scholar
Fagen, Patricia Weiss 1988Central American Refugees and U.S. Policy.” In Crisis in Central America: Regional Dynamics and U.S. Policy in the 1980s, edited by Hamilton, Nora, Frieden, Jeffry A. Fuller, Linda, and Manuel Pastor, Jr. Boulder, Colo.: Westview.Google Scholar
Kearney, Michael 1986From the Invisible Hand to Visible Feet: Anthropological Studies of Migration and Development.” American Review of Anthropology 15:331–61.Google ScholarPubMed
Kritz, Mary M., ED. 1983 U. S. Immigration and Refugee Policy. Lexington, Ky.: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Leach, Jim, Miller, George, and Hatfield, Mark O. 1985 U. S. Aid to El Salvador: An Evaluation of the Past, A Proposal for the Future. Report to the Arms Control and Foreign Policy Caucus, U.S. Congress. Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatriz 1988 Refugees of a Hidden War: The Aftermath of Counterinsurgency in Guatemala. Albany: State University of New York.Google Scholar
Monteforte Toledo, Mario 1959 Guatemala: monografía sociológica. Mexico City: Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales de UNAM.Google Scholar
Montes Mozo, Segundo, ET AL. 1985 Desplazados y refugiados salvadoreños. Preliminary report. San Salvador: Universidad Centroamericana José Simeón Cañas.Google Scholar
Montes Mozo, Segundo, and Vasquez, Juan Jose Garcia 1988 Salvadoran Migration to the United States: An Exploratory Study. Washington, D.C.: Hemispheric Migration Project, Center for Immigration Policy and Refugee Assistance, Georgetown University.Google Scholar
Montgomery, Tommie Sue 1982 Revolution in El Salvador. Boulder, Colo.: Westview.Google Scholar
Papademetriou, Demetrios G. 1983Rethinking International Migration: A Review and a Critique.” Comparative Political Studies 15, no. 4 (Jan.):469–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pearce, Jenny 1986 Promised Land: Peasant Rebellion in Chalatenango, El Salvador. London: Latin American Bureau.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Portes, Alejandro 1983International Labor Migration and National Development.” In KRITZ 1983.Google Scholar
Portes, Alejandro, and Bach, Robert L. 1985 Latin Journey: Cuban and Mexican Immigrants in the United States. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richmond, Anthony H. 1986Sociological Theories of International Migration: The Case of Refugees.” Current Sociology 36, no. 2 (Summer):725.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodriguez, Nestor P. 1987Undocumented Central Americans in Houston: Diverse Populations.” International Migration Review 21, no. 1 (Spring):426.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ruggles, Patricia, and Michael, Fix 1985Impacts and Potential Impacts of Central American Migrants on HHS and Related Programs of Assistance: Final Report.” Washington, D.C.: Urban Institute.Google Scholar
Ruggles Patricia, Michael Fix, and Thomas, Kathleen M. 1985Profile of the Central American Population in the United States.” Washington, D.C.: Urban Institute.Google Scholar
Ruggles, Patricia, Manson, Donald, Trutko, John, and Thomas, Kathleen M. 1985Refugees and Displaced Persons of the Central American Region.” Washington, D.C.: Urban Institute.Google Scholar
Salvado, Luis Raul 1988 The Other Refugees: A Study of Non-Recognized Guatemalan Refugees in Chiapas, Mexico. Washington, D.C.: Hemispheric Migration Project, Center for Immigration Policy and Refugee Assistance, Georgetown University.Google Scholar
Santana Cardoso, Ciro Flamarion 1975Historia económica del café en Centroamérica (siglo xix): estudio comparativo.” Estudios Sociales Centroamericanos 4, no. 10.Google Scholar
Sassen, Saskia 1988 The Mobility of Labor and Capital: A Study in International Investment and Labor Flow. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schoultz, Lars 1987Central America.” Manuscript prepared for New York University Research Project, Immigration Policy and U.S. Foreign Relations with Latin America.Google Scholar
Stanley, William Deane 1987Economic Migrants or Refugees from Violence? A Time-Series Analysis of Salvadoran Migration to the United States.” LAR 22, no. 1:132–54.Google Scholar
Taylor, J. Edward 1980Peripheral Capitalism and Rural-Urban Migration: A Study of Population Movemerits in Costa Rica.” Latin American Perspectives 7, nos. 25–26 (Spring-Summer):7590.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teitlebaum, Michael S. 1984Immigration, Refugees, and Foreign Policy.” International Organization 38, no. 3 (Summer).Google Scholar
Torres Rivas, Edelberto 1985 Report on the Condition of Central American Refugees and Migrants. Hemisphere Migration Project Occasional Paper Series. Washington, D.C.: Center for Immigration Policy and Refugee Assistance, Georgetown University.Google Scholar
Torres Rivas, Edelberto, and Jimenez, Dina 1985Informe sobre el estado de las migraciones en Centroamérica.” Anuario de Estudios Centroamericanos 11, no. 2:2566.Google Scholar
U.S. COMMITTEE FOR REFUGEES 1984 Aiding the Desplazados of El Salvador: The Complexity of Humanitarian Assistance. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Committee for Refugees.Google Scholar
U.S. GAO (GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE) 1989 Central America: Conditions of Refugees and Displaced Persons. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.Google Scholar
U.S. INS (IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE) 1978 Annual Report. Washington, D.C.: U.S. GPO.Google Scholar
U.S. INS (IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE) 1984 1984 Statistical Yearbook of the Immigration and Naturalization Service. Washington, D.C.: U.S. GPO.Google Scholar
Wallace, Steven P. 1986Central American and Mexican Immigrant Characteristics and Economic Incorporation in California.” International Migration Review 20, no. 3 (Fall):657–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weeks, John 1985 The Economies of Central America. New York: Holmes and Meier.Google Scholar
Williams, Robert G. 1986 Export Agriculture and the Crisis in Central America. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woodward, Ralph Lee 1985 Central America: A Nation Divided. 2d ed. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Zolberg, Aristide R. 1981International Migration in Political Perspective.” In Global Trends in Migration: Theory and Research on International Population Movements, edited by Mary M. Kritz, Charles B. Keely, and Tomassi, Silvano M. Staten Island, N.Y.: Center for Migration Studies.Google Scholar
Zolberg, Aristide R. 1983Contemporary Transnational Migration in Historical Perspective: Patterns and Dilemmas.” In KRITZ 1983.Google Scholar
Zolberg, Aristide R., Suhrke, Astri, and Aguayo, Sergio 1986International Factors in the Formation of Refugee Movements.” International Migration Review 20, no. 2 (Summer):151–69.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed