Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-8bljj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-22T07:05:36.308Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Diversity metrics of spider communities associated with an understorey plant in tropical rain forest fragments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 January 2020

Julieta Benítez-Malvido ,
Ana Paola Martínez-Falcón Open the ORCID record for Ana Paola Martínez-Falcón [Opens in a new window]  and
César G. Durán-Barrón
Julieta Benítez-Malvido
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Ecología del Hábitat Alterado, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Morelia, Michoacán, México
Ana Paola Martínez-Falcón*
Affiliation:
Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo km 4.5, Mineral de la Reforma, C.P. 42184, Hidalgo, México
César G. Durán-Barrón
Affiliation:
Unidad de Biotecnología y Prototipos (UBIPRO), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios Número 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, C. P. 54090, Estado de México, México
*
*Author for correspondence: Ana Paola Martínez Falcón, Email: apmartinez@cieco.unam.mx
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Human activities change the biodiversity of ecological communities in at least three dimensions: ecologically, taxonomically and functionally. Gathering information on these three dimensions allows the improvement of biodiversity assessments and the increased understanding of anthropogenic impact on natural communities. In this study, we analysed the spider community associated with the tropical plant Heliconia aurantiaca in two contrasting habitat types: continuous forest and forest fragments in south-eastern Mexico. We examined the foliage, stems and bracts of H. aurantiaca individuals in both habitats. We categorized each spider species according to its behavioural and functional traits. We analysed ecological diversity using Hill numbers, taxonomic distinctness and functional diversity using the FRic index. Overall, we collected a total of 110 spiders, of which 44 individuals from 29 species were found in continuous forests, with 66 individuals from 36 species in forest fragments. We found greater ecological diversity in continuous forest than in fragments. In contrast, we found lower functional diversity in continuous forest than in fragments. Taxonomic diversity showed no significant difference between habitats. Forest fragmentation affected the biodiversity of spiders by disrupting species composition and function, which may lead to other ecological changes such as predator–prey interactions and other aspects of ecosystem functioning.

Keywords

Araneaebiodiversity facetsfunctional traitsfunctional diversityhabitat fragmentationHeliconia aurantiacaHill numberstaxonomic distinctnesstropical spiders
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Tropical Ecology , Volume 36 , Issue 2 , March 2020 , pp. 47 - 55
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abellán, P, Bilton, DT, Millan, A, Sánchez-Fernández, D and Ramsay, PM (2006) Can taxonomic distinctness assess anthropogenic impacts in inland waters? A case study from a Mediterranean river basin. Freshwater Biology 51, 1744–1756.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alencar, J, de Mello, CF, Guimarães, AÉ, Gil-Santana, HR, dos Santos, SJ, Santos-Mallet, JR and Gleiser, RM (2015) Culicidae community composition and temporal dynamics in Guapiaçu Ecological Reserve, Cachoeiras de Macacu, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. PLoS ONE 10, e0122268CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Amaral-Nogueira, AD and Pinto-da-Rocha, R (2016) The effects of habitat size and quality on the orb-weaving spider guild (Arachnida: Araneae) in an Atlantic Forest fragmented landscape. Journal of Arachnology 44, 36–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benítez-Malvido, J, Martínez-Falcón, AP, Dáttilo, W and Del Val, E (2014) Diversity and network structure of invertebrate communities associated to Heliconia species in natural and human disturbed tropical rain forests. Global Ecology and Conservation 2, 107–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benítez-Malvido, J, Dáttilo, W, Martínez-Falcón, AP, Durán-Barrón, C, Valenzuela, J, López, S and Lombera, R (2016) The multiple impacts of tropical forest fragmentation on arthropod biodiversity and on their patterns of interactions with host plants. PLoS ONE 11, e0146461.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bertelsmeier, C (2017) Functional trait ecology in the Anthropocene: a standardized framework for terrestrial invertebrates. Functional Ecology 31, 556–557.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradley, RA (2013) Common Spiders of North America. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Brooks, TM, Mittermeier, RA, Mittermeier, CG, da Fonseca, GAB, Rylands, AB, Konstant, WR, Flick, P, Pilgrim, Jet al. (2002) Habitat loss and extinction in the hotspots of biodiversity. Conservation Biology 16, 909–923.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chao, A and Jost, L (2015) Estimating diversity and entropy profiles via discovery rates of new species. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 6, 873–882.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chao, A and Shen, TJ (2003) Nonparametric estimation of Shannon’s index of diversity when there are unseen species in sample. Environmental and Ecological Statistics 10, 429–443.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chao, A and Shen, TJ (2010) SPADE: Species Prediction and Diversity Estimation. Program and User’s Guide. Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.Google Scholar
Chao, A, Gotelli, NJ, Hsieh, TC, Sander, EL, Ma, KH, Colwell, RK and Ellison, AM (2014) Rarefaction and extrapolation with Hill numbers: a framework for sampling and estimation in species diversity studies. Ecological Monographs 84, 45–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clarke, KR and Warwick, RM (1998) A taxonomic distinctness index and its statistical properties. Journal of Applied Ecology 35, 523–531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clarke, KR and Warwick, RM (2001) Change in Marine Communities: An Approach to Statistical Analysis and Interpretation. 2nd edn. Plymouth: PRIMER-E.Google Scholar
Coddington, JA, Griswold, CE, Dávila, DSet al. (1991) Designing and testing sampling protocols to estimate biodiversity in tropical ecosystems. In Dudley, EC (ed.), The Unity of Evolutionary Biology: Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of Systematic and Evolutionary Biology. Portland, OR: Dioscoride, pp. 44–60.Google Scholar
Colwell, RK and Coddington, JA (1994) Estimating terrestrial biodiversity through extrapolation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B, Biological Sciences 345, 101–118.Google ScholarPubMed
CONABIO (2004) Documento propuesta. CONABIO y Corredor Biológico Mesoamericano–México Unidad técnica regional, Chiapas, México.Google Scholar
Crawley, M (2007) The R Book. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Debinski, DM and Holt, RD (2000) A survey and overview of habitat fragmentation experiments. Conservation Biology 14, 342–355.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Decae, AE (1986) Dispersal: ballooning and other mechanisms. In Nentwig, W (ed.), Ecophysiology of Spiders. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag, pp. 348–356.Google Scholar
Duffey, E (1966) Spider ecology and habitat structure (Arach., Araneae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 47, 45–49.Google Scholar
Eggs, B and Sanders, D (2013) Herbivory in spiders: the importance of pollen for orb-weavers. PLoS ONE 8, e82637.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Faith, DP (1994) Phylogenetic diversity: a general framework for the prediction of feature diversity. In Forey, PL, Humphries, CJ and Vane-Wright, RI (eds), Systematics Association Special. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, pp. 251–268.Google Scholar
Figueroa, F, Sánchez-Cordero, V, Meave, JA and Trejo, I (2009) Socioeconomic context of land use and land cover change in Mexican biosphere reserves. Environmental Conservation 36, 180–191.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Floren, A and Deeleman-Reinhold, C (2005) Diversity of arboreal spiders in primary and disturbed tropical forests. Journal of Arachnology 33, 323–333.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foelix, RF (1996) Biology of Spiders. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Foelix, RF (2011) The Biology of Spiders. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
García-de Jesús, S, Moreno, CE, Morón, MÁ, Castellanos, I and Pavón, NP (2016) Integrando la estructura taxonómica en el análisis de la diversidad alfa y beta de los escarabajos Melolonthidae en la Faja Volcánica Transmexicana. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87, 1033–1044.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
García-López, A, Martínez-Falcón, AP, Micó, E, Estrada, P and Grez, AA (2016) Diversity distribution of saproxylic beetles in Chilean Mediterranean forests: influence of spatiotemporal heterogeneity and perturbation. Journal of Insect Conservation 20, 723–736.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
García-Robledo, C, Erickson, DL, Staines, CL, Erwin, TL and Kress, WJ (2013) Tropical plant–herbivore networks: reconstructing species interactions using DNA barcodes. PLoS ONE 8, e52967.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gavish, Y and Ziv, Y (2016) Joint effect of habitat identity and spatial distance on spiders’ community similarity in a fragmented transition zone. PLoS ONE 11, e0168417.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gonçalves-Souza, T, Santos, AJ, Romero, GQet al. (2015) Conservation along a hotspot rim: spiders in Brazilian coastal restingas. Biodiversity and Conservation 24, 1131–1146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
González-Di Pierro, AM, Benítez-Malvido, J, Méndez-Toribio, M, Zermeño, I, Arroyo-Rodríguez, V, Stoner, KEet al. (2011) Effects of the physical environment and primate gut passage on the early establishment of an old-growth forest tree species (Ampelocera hottlei Standley) in tropical rainforest fragments. Biotropica 43, 459–466.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hanski, I (2011) Habitat loss, the dynamics of biodiversity, and a perspective on conservation. Ambio 40, 248–255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hsieh, YL and Linsenmair, KE (2012) Seasonal dynamics of arboreal spider diversity in a temperate forest. Ecology and Evolution 2, 768–777.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jiménez, ML (1996) Araneae. In Llorente-Bousquets, J, García Aldrete, AN and González Soriano, E (eds), E. Biodiversidad, Taxonomía y Biogeografía de Artrópodos de México: Hacia una síntesis de su conocimiento. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, pp. 83–101.Google Scholar
Jocqué, R and Dippenaar-Schoeman, AS (2006) Spider Families of the World. Tervuren: Royal Museum for Central Africa.Google Scholar
Jost, L (2006) Entropy and diversity. Oikos 113, 363–375.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jost, L (2010) Independence of alpha and beta diversities. Ecology 91, 1969–1974.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kerr, AM (2005) Behavior of web-invading spiders Argyrodes argentatus (Theridiidae) in Argiope appensa (Araneidae) host webs in Guam. Journal of Arachnology 33, 1–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laliberté, E and Legendre, P (2010) A distance based framework for measuring functional diversity from multiple traits. Ecology 91, 299–305.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lowe, EC, Wilder, SM and Hochuli, DF (2017) Life history of an urban-tolerant spider shows resilience to anthropogenic habitat disturbance. Journal of Urban Ecology 3, jux004.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lucio-Palacio, CR and Ibarra-Núñez, G (2015) Arañas arborícolas de cacaotales con diferente tipo de manejo en Chiapas, México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 86, 143–152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Magurran, A (1988) Ecological Diversity and its Measurement. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mason, NW, Bello, F, Mouillot, D, Pavoine, S and Dray, S (2013) A guide for using functional diversity indices to reveal changes in assembly processes along ecological gradients. Journal of Vegetation Science 24, 794–806.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayfield, MM, Bonser, SP, Morgan, JW, Aubin, I, McNamara, S and Vesk, PA (2010) What does species richness tell us about functional trait diversity? Predictions and evidence for responses of species and functional trait diversity to land-use change. Global Ecology and Biogeography 19, 423–431.Google Scholar
Meave del Castillo, J (1990) Estructura y composición de la selva alta perennifolia de los alrededores de Bonampak. Colección Científica Serie Arqueológica Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia. México, DF.Google Scholar
Medellín, RA (1994) Mammal diversity and conservation in the Selva Lacandona, Chiapas, Mexico. Conservation Biology 8, 780–799.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moreno, CE, Castillo‐Campos, G and Verdú, JR (2009) Taxonomic diversity as complementary information to assess plant species diversity in secondary vegetation and primary tropical deciduous forest. Journal of Vegetation Science 20, 935–943.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moreno, CE, Barragán, F, Pineda, E and Pavón, NP (2011) Reanálisis de la diversidad alfa: alternativas para interpretar y comparar información sobre comunidades ecológicas. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 82, 1249–1261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moreno, CE, Calderón-Patrón, JM, Arroyo-Rodríguez, V, Barragán, F, Escobar, F, Gómez-Ortiz, Y, Martín-Regalado, N, Martínez-Falcón, AP, Martínez-Morales, MA, Mendoza, E, Ortega-Martínez, IJ, Pérez-Hernández, CX, Pineda, E, Pineda-López, R and Rios-Díaz, CL (2017) Measuring biodiversity in the Anthropocene: a simple guide to helpful methods. Biodiversity and Conservation 26, 2993–2998.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mouchet, MA, Villéger, S, Mason, NW and Mouillot, D (2010) Functional diversity measures: an overview of their redundancy and their ability to discriminate community assembly rules. Functional Ecology 24, 867–876.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murillo-Pacheco, JI, Rös, M, Escobar, F, Castro-Lima, F, Verdú, JR and López-Iborra, GM (2016) Effect of wetland management: are lentic wetlands refuges of plant-species diversity in the Andean–Orinoco Piedmont of Colombia? PeerJ 4, e2267.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Myers, N, Mittermeier, RA, Mittermeier, CG, Da Fonseca, GAB and Kent, J (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 6772, 853–858.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paquin, P and Dupérré, N (2003) Guide d´identification des Araigées (Araneae) du Québec. Fabreries, Supplément 11, 1–251.Google Scholar
Petchey, OL and Gaston, KJ (2006) Functional diversity: back to basics and looking forward. Ecology Letters 9, 741–758.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pinkus‐Rendón, MA, León‐Cortés, JL and Ibarra‐Núñez, G (2006) Spider diversity in a tropical habitat gradient in Chiapas, Mexico. Diversity and Distributions 12, 61–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Podgaiski, LR, Joner, F, Lavorel, S, Moretti, M, Ibanez, S, Mendonça Mde, S Jr and Pillar, VD (2013) Spider trait assembly patterns and resilience under fire-induced vegetation change in South Brazilian grasslands. PLoS ONE 8, e60207.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
R Core Team (2016) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org/.Google Scholar
Rypstra, AL, Carter, PE, Balfour, RA and Marshall, SD (1999) Architectural features of agricultural habitats and their impact on the spider inhabitants. Journal of Arachnology 1, 371–377.Google Scholar
Santos, BA and Benítez‐Malvido, J (2012) Insect herbivory and leaf disease in natural and human disturbed habitats: lessons from early‐successional Heliconia herbs. Biotropica 44, 53–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Santos, BA, Lombera, R and Benitez-Malvido, J (2009) New records of Heliconia (Heliconiaceae) for the region of Chajul, Southern Mexico, and their potential use in biodiversity-friendly cropping systems. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 80, 857–860.Google Scholar
Stiles, FG (1975) Ecology, flowering phenology, and hummingbird pollination of some Costa Rican Heliconia species. Ecology 2, 285–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strong, Jr, DR (1977) Rolled-leaf hispine beetles (Chrysomelidae) and their Zingiberales host plants in Middle America. Biotropica 3, 156–169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ubick, D, Paquin, P, Cushing, PE and Roth, V (2005) Spiders of North America: An Identification Manual. Keene, NH: American Arachnological Society.Google Scholar
Valdéz-Mondragón, A, Durán-Barrón, CG and Castelo-Calvillo, JL (2005) Relaciones zoogeográficas de los géneros de arañas (Arachnida: Araneae), colectados en la selva lacandona; Frontera Corozal, Ocosingo, Chiapas. Entomología Mexicana 4, 55–60.Google Scholar
Vandewalle, M, de Bello, F, Berg, MP, Bolger, T, DoleÂdec, S, Dubs, Fet al. (2010) Functional traits as indicators of biodiversity response to land use changes across ecosystems and organisms. Biodiversity and Conservation 10, 2921–2947.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Villéger, S, Miranda, JR, Hernández, DF and Mouillot, D (2010) Contrasting changes in taxonomic vs. functional diversity of tropical fish communities after habitat degradation. Ecological Applications 20, 1512–1522.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Warwick, RM and Clarke, KR (1995) New ‘biodiversity’ measures reveal a decrease in taxonomic distinctness with increasing stress. Marine Ecology Progress Series 129, 301–305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warwick, RM and Clarke, KR (1998) Taxonomic distinctness and environmental assessment. Journal of Applied Ecology 35, 532–543.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weiher, E (2011) A primer of trait and functional diversity. In Magurran, AE and McGill, BJ (eds), Biological Diversity: Frontiers in Measurement and Assessment. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 175–193.Google Scholar
Wirth, R, Meyer, ST, Tabarelli, M and Leal, IR (2008) Plant–herbivore interactions at the forest edge. Progress in Botany 69, 423–448.CrossRefGoogle Scholar