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Lord North and the Kandyan Kingdom, 1798–1805

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2011

U. C. Wickremeratne
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Extract

In this article I intend to show that the overriding aim of Frederic North, Governor of the Maritime Provinces of Ceylon from 1798 to 1805, was to contract a subsidiary alliance with the independent Kingdom of Kandy modelled on those being established at the same time in India by the Governor-General, the Marquess of Wellesley. The role of the latter in this episode will also be assessed. Moreover I attempt to furnish evidence challenging the prevailing view that Pilima Talavuva, adigar of the Kingdom of Kandy, or for that matter any other of its officials, committed treachery against the King of Kandy.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society , Volume 105 , Issue 1 , January 1973 , pp. 31 - 42
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Asiatic Society 1973

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References

1 Hobart's minute in Council, 16th February, 1798, India Office Library, Madras Military and Political Proc., 16th February, 1798, 1086–1104.

2 Treaty of Alliance and Friendship, encl., Andrews to Hobart, 13th October, 1795, ibid., 30th October, 1795, 4088–4091.

3 De Meuron to Lt.-Gen. Harris, 21st March, 1798, ibid., 3rd April, 1798, 2303–2314.

4 Gov.-in-Council, Fort St. George, 30th October, 1795, ibid., 30th October, 1795, 4092–4093.

5 Andrews to Hobart, 11th January, 1796, ibid., 12th January, 1796, 179–183.

6 Hobart to Andrews, 1st January, 1796, ibid., 1st January, 1796, 31–35.

7 Transcript of Treaty, Gov.-in-Council, 12th February, 1796, ibid., 12th February, 1796, 691–697.

8 De Meuron to Lt.-Gen. Harris, 10th August, 1798, ibid., 28th August, 1798, 5339–5340; 27th August, 1798, ibid., 11th September, 1798, 5548–5550.

9 North to Clive, 23rd November, 1798, I.O.L. Proc. of Sec. Dept., Factory Records, Ceylon, Vol. 25, 39 ff.

10 North to Wellesley, 19th January, 1800, Wellesley MSS, B.M. Add. 13867, 113 ff.

11 North to Wellesley, 13th October, 1799, ibid., 101 ff.

12 North to Wellesley, 25th October, 1799, ibid., 105 ff.

13 North to the Sec. Comm., Court of Directors, 5th October, 1799, Proc. of Sec. Dept., 5th October, 1799, I.O.L. Factory Records, Ceylon, Vol. 26, § 19–24.

14 North to Wellesley, 13th October, 1799, Wellesley MSS., B.M. Add. 13867, 101 ff.

15 Valentia, Viscount, Voyages and travels to India, Ceylon and the Red Sea, I, 285 ffGoogle Scholar.

16 North to Wellesley, 18th April, 1800, Wellesley MSS, B.M. Add. 13867, 168 ff.

17 Governor-Gen.-in-Council to North, 28th May, 1800, Proc. of Sec. Dept., 23rd June, 1800, I.O.L. Factory Records, Ceylon, Vol. 27, 84 ff.

18 North to the Sec. Comm., Court of Directors, 19th May, 1800, ibid., 1–17.

19 ibid.

20 North to Wellesley, 30th July, 1800, Wellesley MSS, B.M. Add. 13867, 155 ff.

21 North to Wellesley, 24th July, 1800, ibid., 273 ff.

22 ibid.

28 Proc. of Sec. Dept., 14th September, 1800, I.O.L. Factory Records, Vol. 27, 209.

24 Proc. of Sec. Dept., 25th September, 1800, ibid., 234 ff.

25 North to Wellesley, 21st September, 1800, Proc. of Sec. Dept., 21st September, 1800, ibid., 218 ff.

26 North to Macdowall, 19th October, 1800, Proc. of Sec. Dept., 19th October, 1800, ibid., 246 ff.

27 North to Wellesley, 22nd October, 1800, Proc. of Sec. Dept., 22nd October, 1800, ibid., 246 ff.

28 North to the Governor-Gen.-in-Council, 22nd October, 1800, ibid.

29 North to the Governor-Gen.-in Council, 21st November, 1800, ibid., 258 ff.

30 North to Hobart, 16th March, 1802, Public Record Office, C.O. 54, Vol. 6, Encl. 11, 98–100.

31 ibid., 102 ff.

32 Pilima Talavuva to the Chief Sec., 8th October, 1802, Encl. 3, North to Hobart, 21st November, 1802, ibid., Vol. 7, 137 ff.

33 North to Hobart, 21st November, 1802, ibid., 126 ff.

34 Leuke Ralahamy to the Mahamudaliyar, 15th December, 1802, ibid., Vol. 10, 100 ff.

35 Letter of the Appuhamies, ibid., 166 ff.

36 Gov.-in-Council, 29th January, 1803, Encl. 2., North to Hobart, 2nd February, 1803, ibid., 15 ff.

37 Pilima Talavuva to the Chief Sec., 24th January, 1803, ibid., 122 ff.

38 North to Hobart, 4th September, 1802, ibid., Vol. 6, 159 ff.

39 The King of Kandy to North, 12th February, 1803, ibid., Vol. 10, 182 ff.

40 Macdowall to North, 5th March 1803, ibid., 198 ff.

41 North to Macdowall, 18th February, 1803, ibid., 164 ff.

42 Macdowall to North, 18th March, 1803, ibid., 238 ff.

43 North to Macdowall, 9th May, 1803, ibid., Vol. 11, 137 ff.

44 Maitland to Camden, 18th August, 1805, ibid., Vol. 18, 144.

45 Reply of Gallegoda Bandara, Encl. 3, North to Camden, 11th January, 1805, ibid., Vol. 16, 62 ff.

46 North to Hobart, 30th September, 1804, Encl. 3, ibid., Vol. 14, 142 ff.

47 Answers by Ehelapola, Encl., Brownrigg to Bathurst, 16th August, 1814, ibid., Vol. 52, 164 ff.