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‘Insolence and pride’: problems with the representation of the South-East Asian Portuguese communities in Alexander Hamilton's ‘A New Account of the East Indies’ (1727)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 April 2009

STEFAN HALIKOWSKI-SMITH
STEFAN HALIKOWSKI-SMITH*
Affiliation:
Swansea University
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Abstract

One of the most influential European printed sources on South-East Asia at the turn of the eighteenth century was the Scottish sea-captain Alexander Hamilton's memoirs. The picture he paints of the Portuguese communities that had existed since the period of Portuguese ascendancy in the sixteenth century is overwhelmingly negative. But a close textual and empirical analysis of his text shows that not only was he frequently misinformed in terms of the historical developments relating to that community, but that he merely conforms to a set of standard rhetorical tropes we can associate with the Black Legend, which had grown up in Protestant countries of northern Europe since the 16th century to denigrate Portugal and her achievements. This article urges that this key text consequently be used with far greater circumspection than has hitherto been the case.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society , Volume 19 , Issue 2 , April 2009 , pp. 213 - 235
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Asiatic Society 2009

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Footnotes

1

The author is a lecturer in the Department of History at Swansea University where he teaches early modern world history with a specialisation in Portuguese overseas history. His research interests are broadly related to European expansion and the encounter of different civilisations. He is particularly interested in the Portuguese presence in the Indian Ocean world, and the proto-colonial political and social configurations that engendered. He is completing a book entitled ‘Unleashing Desires: Portugal and the European Spice Trade, 1480–1580’. E-mail: S.Halikowski-Smith@swansea.ac.uk.

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137 Alexander Hamilton. A Scottish Sea Captain in Southeast Asia, 1689–1723, ed. M. Smithies, (Chiang Mai, 1997), p. 195.

138 See, for example, C.E.A.W.O. in The Geographical Journal, February 1931, vol. 77, no. 2, p. 195.

139 Ovington, W., A Voyage to Suratt in the Year 1689 giving a large account of that city and its inhabitants and of the English factory there; likewise a description of Madiera, St. Jago, Annobon, Cabenda, and Malemba (London, 1696), pp. 18–22Google Scholar; J. Schouten, ‘A report by Commissary Justus Schouten of his visit to Malacca, including an account of the past and present of that city together with some suggestions as to its future welfare and how its trade could be utilized for the General East India Company – presented to His Excellency the Governor-General Antonio van Diemen and members of the Council of India’, (1641), reproduced in P.A. Leupe, Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, vol. XIV, Part I (1936), p. 128.

140 SirFoster, W. (ed.), A New Account of the East Indies by Alexander Hamilton, (London, 1930), p. xxxviiGoogle Scholar.

Frontispiece to volume 1 of the first edition of Hamilton's book, 1727.