Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-tn8tq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-25T16:00:02.706Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

On the Nutrition and Metabolism of Zooplankton IX. Studies Relating to the Nutrition of Over-Wintering Calanus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2009

E. D. S. Corner ,
R. N. Head ,
C. C. Kilvington  and
S. M. Marshall
E. D. S. Corner
Affiliation:
The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 PB2 and University Marine Station Millport
R. N. Head
Affiliation:
The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 PB2 and University Marine Station Millport
C. C. Kilvington
Affiliation:
The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 PB2 and University Marine Station Millport
S. M. Marshall
Affiliation:
The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 PB2 and University Marine Station Millport
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Studies were made relating to the problem of how Calanus feeds during winter in the Clyde sea-area. Different diets were assessed in terms of sustaining the levels of body nitrogen and phosphorus in Calanus helgolandicus (Claus) over a period of several days. The test diets, all equivalent to the same level of particulate nitrogen in sea water, were: (1) suspended matter collected from the Clyde sea-area in winter; (2) particulate material produced in a foam-tower by bubbling sea water enriched with soluble extracts of plant cells; (3) living nauplii of the barnacle Elminius modestus Darwin; (4) dead nauplii of this species.

It was found that neither body nitrogen nor body phosphorus was sustained by diet 1; that body nitrogen, but not body phosphorus, was sustained by diet 2; that both were sustained by either of diets 3 and 4.

With living Elminius nauplii as the food, each Calanus captured the equivalent of 25 % of its body nitrogen and 47·3 % of its body phosphorus daily: with dead nauplii as the food the corresponding values were 34·4 and 44·5%. These rations are much higher than those found in an earlier study of Calanus grazing on a spring diatom increase in the Clyde (Butler, Corner & Marshall, 1970) and demonstrate that animal diets are readily captured.

In general, the results indicate that Calanus could survive the winter in the Clyde sea-area by feeding carnivorously.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 54 , Issue 2 , May 1974 , pp. 319 - 331
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1974

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baylor, E. R., Sutcliffe, W. H. & Hirschfeld, D. S., 1962. Adsorption of phosphates onto bubbles. Deep-Sea Research, 9, 120–4.Google Scholar
Butler, E. I., Corner, E. D. S. & Marshall, S. M., 1970. On the nutrition and metabolism of zooplankton. VII. Seasonal survey of nitrogen and phosphorus excretion by Calanus in the Clyde Sea area. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 50, 525–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corner, E. D. S., Head, R. N. & Kilvington, C. C., 1972. On the nutrition and metabolism of zooplankton. VIII. The grazing of Biddulphia cells by Calanus helgolandicus. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 52, 847–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corner, E. D. S., Southward, A. J. & Southward, E. C., 1968. Toxicity of oil-spill removers (‘detergents') to marine life: an assessment using the intertidal barnacle Elminius modestus. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 48, 29–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Digby, P. S. B., 1954. The biology of the marine planktonic copepods of Scoresby Sound, East Greenland. Journal of Animal Ecology, 23, 298–338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frost, B. W., 1972. Effects of size and concentration of food particles on the feeding behaviour of the marine planktonic copepod Calanus pacificus. Limnology and Oceanography, 17, 805–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jørgensen, C. B., 1966. Biology of Suspension Feeding, pp. xv + 357. London: Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L. & Randall, R. J., 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193, 265–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marshall, S. M., 1925. A survey of Clyde plankton. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 45, 117–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marshall, S. M. & Orr, A. P., 1952. On the biology of Calanus finmarchicus. VII. Factors affecting egg production. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 30, 527–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, E. M., 1953. Sea foam. Nature, London, 171, 913.Google Scholar
Mullin, M. M., 1966. Selective feeding by calanoid copepods from the Indian Ocean. In: Some Contemporary Studies in Marine Science (ed. H., Barnes), pp. 547–54. London: Allen and Unwin.Google Scholar
Paffenhöfer, G.-A., 1972. The effects of suspended ‘red mud’ on mortality, body weight, and growth of the marine planktonic copepod, Calanus helgolandicus. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 1, 314–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paffenhöfer, G. A. & Strickland, J. D. H., 1970. A note on the feeding of Calanus helgolandicus on detritus. Marine Biology, 5, 97–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riley, G. A., 1959. Note on particulate matter in Long Island Sound. Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection, Yale University, 17, 83–6.Google Scholar
Riley, G. A., 1970. Particulate organic matter in sea water. In: Advances in Marine Biology (ed. Russell, F. S. & Yonge, C. M.), 8, pp. 1–118. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Riley, G. A., Wangersky, P. J. & Van Hemert, D., 1964. Organic aggregates in tropical and subtropical surface waters of the North Atlantic Ocean. Limnology and Oceanography, 9, 546–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutcliffe, W. H., Baylor, E. R. & Menzel, D. W., 1963. Sea surface chemistry and Langmuir circulation. Deep-Sea Research, 10, 233–43.Google Scholar
Wallace, Jr. G. T. & Wilson, D. F., 1969. Foam Separation as a Tool in Chemical Oceanography. Naval Research Laboratory, Report 6958, pp. 1–19. Washington, D.C.: Naval Research Laboratory.Google Scholar