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Inventory of organisms interfering with transmission of a marine trematode

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 March 2014

Jennifer E. Welsh ,
Jaap van der Meer ,
Corina P.D. Brussaard  and
David W. Thieltges
Jennifer E. Welsh*
Affiliation:
Department of Marine Ecology, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, The Netherlands
Jaap van der Meer
Affiliation:
Department of Marine Ecology, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, The Netherlands
Corina P.D. Brussaard
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Oceanography, NIOZ—Royal Netherland Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, The Netherlands Aquatic Microbiology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 94248, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
David W. Thieltges
Affiliation:
Department of Marine Ecology, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, The Netherlands
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: J.E. Welsh, Department of Marine Ecology, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, The Netherlands email: jennifer.welsh@nioz.nl
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Abstract

It has increasingly been recognized that organisms can interfere with parasitic free-living stages, preventing them from infecting their specified host and thus reducing infection levels. This common phenomenon in freshwater and terrestrial systems has been termed the ‘dilution effect’ and, so far, is poorly studied in marine systems. Ten common intertidal organisms found in the Dutch Wadden Sea (North Sea) were tested to establish their effects on the free-living cercarial stages of the trematode parasite Himasthla elongata. Most species tested resulted in a significant reduction in cercariae over a 3 hr time period. The amphipod Gammarus marinus removed 100% of the cercariae, while other effective diluters were Crangon crangon (93%), Sargassum muticum (87%), Semibalanus balanoides (71%), Crassostrea gigas (67%), Hemigrapsus takanoi (>54%), Crassostrea gigas shells (44%) and Idotea balthica (24%). In contrast, mixed shells (Cerastoderma edule, Mytilus edulis, Ensis americanus and Littorina littorea) and Fucus versiculosus had no significant effect. These results suggest that dilution effects are widespread in the trematode of H. elongata, with potentially strong effects on its population dynamics.

Keywords

dilution effectparasite ecologytrematodeHimasthla elongatamarine parasitology
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 94 , Issue 4 , June 2014 , pp. 697 - 702
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2014 

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