Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-8bljj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-24T01:19:49.106Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Intracellular Barite Crystals in Two Xenophyophores, Aschemonella Ramuliformis and Galatheammina Sp. (Protozoa: Rhizopoda) With Comments on the Taxonomy of A. Ramuliformis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2009

A. J. Gooday  and
J. A. Nott
A. J. Gooday
Affiliation:
Institute of Oceanographic Sciences, Wormley, Godalming, Surrey, GU8 5UB
J. A. Nott
Affiliation:
The Laboratory, Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Biological precipitation of barite (barium sulphate) is highly unusual (Bowen, 1966, p. 129). This mineral forms statoliths in certain ciliates (Hubert et al. 1975), but the only animals in which it is known to occur in significant quantities are xenophyophores, a group of giant deep-sea protozoans placed in a separate class within the Rhizopoda (Levine et al. 1980). The importance of these previously obscure organisms at abyssal, and bathyal depths in the oceans has lately become increasingly appreciated, mainly through the work of Tendal (1972, 1973, 1975a, b, 1980a, b; Tendal & Lewis, 1978).

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 62 , Issue 3 , August 1982 , pp. 595 - 605
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1982

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Arnott, H. J. & Pautard, F. G. E., 1970. Calcification in plants. In Biological Calcification: Cellular and Molecular Aspects (ed. Schraer, H.), pp. 375–446. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arrhenius, G., 1963. Pelagic sediments. In The Sea, vol. 3 (ed. Hill, M. N.), pp. 655–727. Interscience Publishers.Google Scholar
Arrhenius, G., 1966. Sedimentary record of long period phenomena. In Advances in Earth Sciences. Proceedings of the International Conference on Earth Sciences, Cambridge, Massachusetts (ed. Hurley, P. M.), pp. 155–174. M.I.T. Press.Google Scholar
Arrhenius, G. & Bonatti, E., 1965. Neptunism and vulcanism in the ocean. Progress in Oceanography, 3, 7–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowen, H. J. M., 1966. Trace Elements in Geochemistry. 241 pp. Academic Press.Google Scholar
Brady, H. B., 1884. Report of the Foraminifera dredged by H.M.S. ‘Challenger’ during the years 1873–1876. Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage H.M.S. Challenger 1873–1876 (Zoology), 9, 814 pp., pls. I–CXV.Google Scholar
Chow, T. J. & Goldberg, E. D., 1960. On the marine geochemistry of barium. Geochimica et cosmochimica acta, 20, 192–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Church, T., 1970. Marine Barite. 100 pp. Ann Arbor and London: University Microfilms International.Google Scholar
Church, T. M. & Wolgemuth, K., 1972. Marine barite saturation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 15, 35–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cushman, J. A., 1920. The Foraminifera of the Atlantic Ocean, Part 2 – Lituolidae. Bulletin. United States National Museum, no. 104, 111 pp.Google Scholar
Dehairs, F., Chesselet, R. & Jedwab, J., 1980. Discrete suspended particles of barite and the barium cycle in the open ocean. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 49, 528–550.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Desai, M. V. M., Koshy, E. & Ganguly, A. K., 1969. Solubility of barium in sea-water in presence of dissolved organic matter. Current Science, 38 (5), 107–108.Google Scholar
Dugolinsky, B. K., Margolis, S. V. & Dudley, W. C., 1977. Biogenic influence on growth of manganese nodules. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 47 (1), 428–445.Google Scholar
Fresnel, J., Galle, P. & Gayral, P., 1979. Résultats de la microanalyse des cristaux vacuolaires chez deux Chromatophytes unicellulaires marines: Exanthemachrysis gayraliae, Pavlova sp. (Prymnésiophycées, Pavlovacées). Compte rendu hebdomadaire des séances de l'Académie des sciences (D), 288, 823–825.Google Scholar
Gayral, P. & Fresnel, J., 1979. Exanthemachrysis gayraliae Lepailleur (Prymnesiophyceae, Pavlovales): ultrastructure et discussion taxonomique. Protistologica, 15, 271–282.Google Scholar
Goldberg, E. D. & Arrhenius, G., 1958. Chemistry of Pacific pelagic sediments. Geochimica et cosmochimica acta, 13, 153–212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hollande, A. & Martoja, R., 1974. Identification du cristalloide des isospores de radiolaires a un cristal de celestite (SrSO4) determination de la constitution du cristalloide par voie cytochimique et a l'aide de la microsonde electronique et du microanalyseur par émission ionique secondaire. Protistologica, 10, 603–609.Google Scholar
Hood, D. & Pytkowicz, R. M., 1974. Chemical oceanography. In Handbook of Marine Science, vol. 1 (ed. Walton Smith, F. G.), pp. 1–70. Cleveland, Ohio: ORC Press.Google Scholar
Hubert, G., Rieder, N., Schmitt, G. & Send, W., 1975. Bariumanreicherung in den Müllerschen Körperchen der Loxodidae (Ciliata, Holotricha). Zeischrift für Naturforschung, 30c, 422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kreger, D. R. & Boeré, H., 1969. Some observations on barium sulphate in Spirogyra. Aacta botanica neerlandica, 18, 143–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levine, N. D., Corliss, J. O., Cox, F. E. G., Deroux, G., Grain, J., Honinberg, B. M., Leedale, G. F., Loeblich, R. H., Lom, J., Lynn, D., Merinfeld, E. G., Page, F. C., Poljansky, G., Sprague, V., Vavra, J. & Wallace, F. G., 1980. A newly revised classification of the Protozoa. Journal of Protozoology, 27, 37–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loeblich, A. R. & Tappan, H., 1964. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, pt. C, Protista 2, Sarcodina chiefly ‘Thecamoebians’ and Foraminifera, vols. 1 and 2. 900 pp. Lawrence, Kansas: Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press.Google Scholar
Loeblich, A. R. & Tappan, H., 1974. Recent advances in the classification of the Foraminifera. In Foraminifera, vol. 1 (ed. Hedley, R. H. and Adams, C. G.), pp. 1–53. Academic Press.Google Scholar
Merinfeld, E. G., 1970. Strontium and barium sulfate skeletons in marine Protozoa. Resumos XXI reuniao anual sociedade Brasileira para o progresso da Ciencia, 382–383.Google Scholar
Odum, H. T., 1951. Notes on the strontium content of sea water, celestite Radiolaria, and strontianite snail shells. Science, New York, 114, 211–213.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robinson, W. O., Whetstone, R. R. & Edgington, G., 1950. The occurrence of barium in soils and plants. Technical Bulletin. United States Department of Agriculture, no. 1013, 36 pp.Google Scholar
Schröter, K., Lauchli, A. & Sievers, A., 1975. Mikroanalytische Identifikation von Bariumsulfat-Kristallen in den Statolithen der Rhizoide von Chara fragilis, Desv. Planta, 122, 213–225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schulze, F. E., 1906. Die Xenophyophoren der ‘Siboga’ -Expedition. Siboga Expeditie, iv, 1–18, pls. I–III.Google Scholar
Schulze, F. E., 1907. Die Xenophyophoren, eine besondere Gruppe der Rhizopoden. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer ‘Valdivia’ 1898–1899, 11, 55 PP., pls. I–VIII.Google Scholar
Schulze, F. E. & Thierfelder, H., 1905. Über Baryumsulfat in Meerestieren (Xenophyophora F. E. Sch.). Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft naturforschenden Freunde zu Berlin, 1905, 2–3.Google Scholar
Spangenberg, D. B., 1976. Intracellular statolith synthesis in Aurelia aurita. In The Mechanisms of Mineralization in the Invertebrates and Plants (ed. Watanabe, N. and Wilbur, K. M.), pp. 231–248. Columbia, South Carolina: University of South Carolina Press. (Belle W. Baruch Library in Marine Science, no. 5.)Google Scholar
Tendal, O. S., 1972. A monograph of the Xenophyophoria (Rhizopodea, Protozoa). Galathea Report, 12, 7–103.Google Scholar
Tendal, O. S., 1973. Xenophyophoria (Protozoa, Rhizopoda) from the collections of the R/V “Vitiaz”. Zoologicheskii zhurnal, 52, 25–30.Google Scholar
Tendal, O. S., 1975 a. The xenophyophore fauna of New Zealand. Tuatara, 21, 92–97.Google Scholar
Tendal, O. S., 1975 b. A new xenophyophore (Rhizopodea, Protozoa), living on solid substratum, and its significance. Deep-Sea Research, 22, 45–48.Google Scholar
Tendal, O. S., 1979. Aspects of the biology of Komokiacea and Xenophyophoria. Sarsia, 64, 13–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tendal, O. S., 1980 a. Xenophyophores from the French expeditions ‘Incal’ and ‘Biovema’ in the Atlantic Ocean. Cahiers de biologie marine, 21, 303–306.Google Scholar
Tendal, O. S., 1980 b. Stannophyllum setosum sp.n., a remarkable xenophyophore (Rhizopodea, Protozoa) from the eastern Pacific. Cahiers de biologie marine, 21, 383–385.Google Scholar
Tendal, O. S. & Hessler, R. R., 1977. An introduction to the biology and systematics of the Komokiacea (Textulariina, Foraminiferida). Galathea Report 14, 165–194, pls. 1–26.Google Scholar
Tendal, O. S. & Lewis, K. B., 1978. New Zealand xenophyophores: upper bathyal distribution, photographs of growth position, and a new species. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 12, 197–203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinogradova, Z. A. & Koval'skiy, V. V., 1962. Elemental composition of the Black Sea plankton. Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR (Earth Sciences Section), 147, 217–219. [Translated by American Geological Institute, February 1964.]Google Scholar