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The Distribution of Sterols and Stanols in the Tunicate Ciona Intestinalis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2009

R. J. Morris
Affiliation:
Institute of Oceanographic Sciences, Wormley, Godalming, Surrey, GU8 5UB
M. J. Mccartney
Affiliation:
Institute of Oceanographic Sciences, Wormley, Godalming, Surrey, GU8 5UB
Q. Bone
Affiliation:
The Laboratory, Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB

Extract

INTRODUCTION

Until recently saturated sterols – stands – were not thought to play an active biochemical or physiological role in organisms. They were generally considered to be diagenetic products of the microbiological reduction of the common natural product Δ5sterols and as such have been reported in sediments (e.g. Gaskell & Eglinton, 1975).

Prior to the regular use of capillary gas liquid chromatographic (GLC) and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) techniques the majority of sterol analyses had been performed on packed column GLC. It is now well known that in the analysis of some of the complex mixtures of sterols which commonly occur in the marine environment, the use of packed column GLC techniques alone is an inadequate procedure (e.g. Ballantine; Roberts & Morris, 1976; Ballantine et al. 1977). Certainly complete resolution of the sterol-stanol pairs cannot normally be achieved on packed columns and identification of the components within each peak has to be made by multiple mass spectral scans across each peak (Ballantine et al. 1976). With the advent of techniques with better resolving powers, significant amounts of natural product stands have been found in a wide spectrum of phyla including molluscs, sponges coelenterates, echinoderms, annelids and tunicates (Morris & Culkin, 1977 and references therein; Ballantine et al. 1976; Ballantine, Lavis & Morris, 1979, 1981; Voogt, 1976; Ballantine et al. 1977; Ballantine et al. 1978; Gupta et al. 1979). In some instances the stanols have been found to account for over 50% of the animals component sterols.

As the sterol profile of marine invertebrates becomes better understood it is clear that stanols are important biochemical constituents of many of these organisms; but little is known of their significance in any biochemical or physiological role.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1982

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