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Detection of a new Clytia species (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Campanulariidae) with DNA barcoding and life cycle analyses

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 August 2013

Konglin Zhou ,
Lianming Zheng ,
Jinru He ,
Yuanshao Lin ,
Wenqing Cao  and
Wenjing Zhang
Konglin Zhou
Affiliation:
College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Lianming Zheng*
Affiliation:
College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China Marine Biodiversity and Global Change Research Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies (CEES), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Jinru He
Affiliation:
College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Yuanshao Lin
Affiliation:
College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China Marine Biodiversity and Global Change Research Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Wenqing Cao
Affiliation:
College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China Marine Biodiversity and Global Change Research Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Wenjing Zhang
Affiliation:
College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China Marine Biodiversity and Global Change Research Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: L. Zheng, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China email: zhlm@xmu.edu.cn.
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Abstract

The genus Clytia is distributed worldwide, but most accepted species in this genus have been examined either only at the hydroid or medusa stage. The challenge in identifying Clytia species reflects their complex life cycles and phenotypic plasticity. In this study, molecular and morphological investigations of Clytia specimens from the coastal waters of China revealed an as yet unreported species, designated C. xiamenensis sp. nov., that was considered as conspecific to two nearly cosmopolitan species, C. hemisphaerica and C. gracilis. DNA barcoding based on partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (16S) confirmed the highly distinct lineage of C. xiamenensis sp. nov. These results were corroborated by the detailed observations of its mature medusae and its colonies, which showed that C. xiamenensis sp. nov. was morphologically distinct from other species of Clytia. Thus, based on our findings, the nearly cosmopolitan distribution attributed to some species of Clytia might rather be due to the misidentification, and it is necessary to elucidate their whole life cycle in order to establish the systematic validity of all species within the genus Clytia.

Keywords

Clytianew speciesDNA barcodinglife cycle
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 93 , Issue 8 , December 2013 , pp. 2075 - 2088
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2013 

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