Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-2pzkn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-26T23:06:38.559Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

An emphatic alveolar affricate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 February 2009

Edward Y. Odisho
Affiliation:
(Al-Mustansiriyah University, Iraq)

Extract

The Neo-Aramaic (NA) language makes noticeable use of the phenomena of aspiration and emphasis (pharyngealization) to enhance its inventory of linguistic units. Aspiration is mainly restricted to plosives and affricates. Except for /q/ and /?/, each plosive and affricate joins in a three-way opposition based on voicing and aspiration. Thus they appear as follows: /b/, /p/, /ph/; /d/, /t/, /th/, /ɟ/, /c/, /ch/; /dʒ/, /t∫/, /t∫h/. Emphasis is more widely exploited than aspiration. Almost all the units of NA have direct emphatic counterparts. What draws the attention is that sounds produced at what could be broadly labelled as the palatal area are the least susceptible to emphasis. For instance, no emphatic counterparts of /ʒ/ or /c/ are attested. Although /t∫/, too, lacks any direct emphatic counterpart, there is nevertheless a linguistic unit describable as a voiceless unaspirated emphatic alveolar affricate, thus /ts/. The existence of this unit, together with certain other phonetic observations, raises the possibility of a phonetic and phonological relationship between /t∫/ and /ŧs/ in the sense that the latter has emerged in the system to function as the emphatic counterpart of the former.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Journal of the International Phonetic Association 1979

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Catford, J. C. (1977). Fundamental problems in phonetics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Fant, G. (1958). ‘Modern instruments and methods for acoustic studies’, Proc. Ling., 8, Oslo.Google Scholar
Fant, G. (1960). Acoustic theory of speech production. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
Jakobson, R. (1957). ‘Mufaxxarna—the “emphatic” phonemes of Arabic’, in Studies presented to Joshua Whatmough, Pulgram, E. (ed.), 105–15. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
Odisho, Edward Y. (1975). The phonology and phonetics of Neo-Aramaic as spoken by the Assyrians in Iraq. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Leeds.Google Scholar
Odisho, Edward Y. (1977). ‘The opposition /t∫/ vs. /t∫h/ in Neo-Aramaic’, JIPA, 7.2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevens, K. N. (1971). ‘Airflow and turbulence noise for stop and fricative consonants: static considerations’, JASA, 50, 1180–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar