^{page 180 note *} These were worked chiefly, if not wholly, by horse-power. Steam traction was still in its tentative and experimental stages.

^{page 181 note *} For some of the material here used I should like to acknowledge my indebtedness to a very able essay by Mr. H. R. Hodges on the Economic condition of England in 1815 and 1915, which won the London University Reitlinger prize for 1915. It is at present in manuscript, and the property of the Library of the London School of Economics, by the courtesy of whose Librarian I have had access to it for reference.