Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-8kt4b Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-25T05:08:08.614Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Capturing Quality?: The Quality Issue in British and American Health Policies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 November 2008

Christopher Pollitt
Affiliation:
Political Science, Open University

Abstract

The quality of health care services has recently become a prominent political issue in both Britain and America. Everyone is in favour of quality. Yet closer inspection reveals that the term is being used with several different meanings, and that its fashionability seems intimately connected with the collision, in both countries, between rising health care costs and a desire on the part of the purchasers or paymasters of health services to restrict their expenditures. The different approaches to assessing quality are not neutral, technical matters. Each carries implications for the future relationships among health care providers, and between providers, payers and patients. Furthermore, changes in these institutional relationships may well lead the debate back to the larger, traditional and more obviously ‘political’ issues of resource allocation, equity and the role of the state.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1987

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Association of Surgeons and Association of Anaesthetists (1984) U.K. Confidential Enquiry into Perioperative Deaths (protocol), November.Google Scholar
Birch, Stephen and Maynard, Alan (1986) ‘Performance indicators and performance assessment in the UK National Health Service: implications for management and planning’, pp. 143156 International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 1.Google ScholarPubMed
Bodendorf, Fred M. and Mackay, Francis G. (1985) A hospital's I.Q. - indicators or quality, California, Orange County Planning Council.Google Scholar
Bowden, David; Stevens, Geoff and Williams, Glen (1986) ‘Quality assurance: action not words’. p. 861Health Service Journal, 26th 06.Google Scholar
Brook, Robert H. and Lohr, Kathleen N. (1981) ‘Quality of care assessment: its role in the 1980s’. pp. 681682American Journal of Public Health, 71:7, 07.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brook, Robert H. and Lohr, Kathleen N. (1985) ‘Efficacy, effectiveness, variations and quality: boundary-crossing research’. pp. 710722Medical Care, 23:5, 06.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Business and Health (1986) ‘How does quality fit into health care delivery?’; theme issue of Business and Health, 3:8, 07/08.Google Scholar
Butler, John R. and Vaile, Michael S. B. (1984) Health and health services: an introduction to health care in Britain, London, Routledge and Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Coopers, and Lybrand, (1986) The quality challenge, Health management update 7Google Scholar
Davies, Peter (1986) ‘BMA–iron fist in a velvet glove’. Health Service Journal, P. 1603, 11th 12.Google Scholar
De Dombal, F. T. (1984) ‘Computer-aided diagnoses of acute abdominal pain: the British experience’ pp. 5056Revue Epidem. et Sante Publique, 32.Google ScholarPubMed
Devlin, Brendan (1986) ‘Just who are we protecting?’. p. 1643, Health Service Journal, 18/25 12Google Scholar
Donabedian, Avedis (1984) ‘Quality, cost and cost containment’. pp. 142145, Nursing Outlook, 32:3.Google ScholarPubMed
Elbeik, Matt A. (1986) ‘Perceptions of hospital care’ pp. 7078, Health Management Forum, SpringGoogle Scholar
Fisher, Tom (1986) ‘Demystifying quality control’. pp. 628629, Health Service Journal, 8th 05.Google ScholarPubMed
Fox, Peter D. (1978) ‘Managing health resources: English style’. pp. 164 in McLachan, Gordon (ed), By guess or by what? Information without design in the NHS, Oxford, Oxford University Press for the Nuffield Provincial Hospital's Trust.Google Scholar
Greenfield, Sheldon, Cretin, Shan, Worthman, Linda G. and Dorey, Frederick (1982), ‘The use of an ROC curve to express quality of care results’. pp. 2331Medical Decision making, 2:1.Google Scholar
Griffiths Report (1983) NHS management inquiry, LondonDepartment of Health and Social Security.Google Scholar
Gudex, Clare, (1986) Qalys and their use by the Health Service, University of York Centre for Health Economics Discussion Paper 20, 10.Google Scholar
Heasman, Michael A. (1976) ‘Scrips: success or failure: a critical study of the Scottish consultant review of in-patients statistics’. pp. 173185 in McLachan, Gordon (ed), A question of quality: roads to quality assurance in medical care, Oxford, Oxford University Press for the Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust.Google Scholar
Heather, Palmer R. et al. , (1985) ‘A randomized controlled trial of quality assurance in sixteen ambulatory care practices’. pp. 751770. Medical Care, 23:9, 06.Google Scholar
Hudson, James I. (1983) ‘The changing character of quality assurance: activities in acute care hospitals’. pp. 7584, Effective Health Care 1:2, 08.Google Scholar
Ijebor, Lawrence (1987) 'First catch your (meaningful) data, pp. 37, Computing Supplement to Health Service Journal, 26th 02.Google Scholar
Klein, Rudolf (1983) The politics of the National Health Service, Harlow, Longmans.Google Scholar
Lohr, Kathleen et al. , (1986) ‘Use of medical care in the RAND Health Insurance Experiment diagnosis and service-specific analyses in a randomized controlled trial’; Supplement to Medical Care 24:9, 09.Google Scholar
Magoffin, Carol., (1986) ‘Can PROs uncover quality concerns?’ pp. 1416, Business and Health, 3:807/08Google ScholarPubMed
Marquis, M. Susan; Kanouse, David E. and Brodsley, Laurel (1985) Informing consumers about health care costs: a review and research agenda, California, Rand Corporation/UCLA Center for Health Care Financing Policy Research.Google Scholar
Maxwell, Robert (1981) Health and wealth: an international study of health care spending, Lexington, Mass. Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Maxwell, Robert (1985) ‘Resource constraints and the quality of care’ pp. 936939, The Lancet, 10 26.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maynard, Alan (1986) ‘The National Health Service: an annual report’. pp. 109126 in Mayston, David and Terry, Francis (eds) Public domain, London, Public Finance Foundation.Google Scholar
Maynard, Alan, (1987) ‘A plea for measuring outcomes’. p. 365, Health Service Journal, 26th 03.Google Scholar
McNeil, Barbara J. WeichselbaumRalph, and Pauker, Stephen G. (1981) ‘Speech and survival: tradeoffs between quantity and quality of life in laryngeal cancer’. pp. 982987New England Journal of Medicine 305:17, 22nd 10.Google Scholar
Milstein, Arnold Nash, David, and Sands, Jonathan (1986) ‘Auditing quality of care: on employer-based approach’. pp. 1012, Business and Health, 07/08.Google Scholar
Moores, B. and Thompson, A. G. H. (1986) ‘What 1357 hospital inpatients think about aspects of their stay in British acute hospitals’. pp. 87102Journal of Advanced Nursing, 11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
NHS Training Authority (1986) Tracer study of District General Managers (Research and Discussion Paper Series) NHS Training Authority and Templeton College, (mimeo).Google Scholar
Ofle, Claus (1984) Contradictions of the welfare state, London, Hutchinson.Google Scholar
Office of Inspector General (1986) Semiannual report to the Congress 1st 04 19860930th 1986, Washington, Department of Health and Human Services.Google Scholar
Open University (1987) D321 Professional judgement, Milton Keynes, Open University Press (set of course materials).Google Scholar
Orange County Health Planning Council (1985) A hospital's IQ: indicators of quality, Tustin, California, Orange County Health Planning Council.Google Scholar
Palmer, R.Heather et al. , (1985) ‘A randomized controlled trial of quality assurance in sixteen ambulatory care practices’. pp. 751770, Medical Care, 23:6, 06.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pollack, Murray M.; Ruttimann, , Urs, E.; and Getson, Pamela R. (1987) ‘Accurate prediction of the outcome of pediatric intensive care: a new quantitative method’. pp. 134139, New England Journal of Medicine, 316, 01 15th.Google Scholar
Pollitt, Christopher (1982) ‘Corporate rationalization of American health care: a visitor's appraisal’ p. 227253Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 7:1, Spring.Google Scholar
Pollitt, Christopher (1985) ‘Measuring performance: a new system for the National Health Service’ pp. 115Policy and Politics, 13:1, 01.Google Scholar
Pollitt, Christopher (1986a) ‘Beyond the managerial model: the case for broadening performance assessment in government and the public services’ pp. 155170, Financial Accountability and Management, 2:3, Autumn.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pollitt, Christopher (1986b) ‘Models of policy implementation: the case of the NHS’. pp. 445449, Teaching Politics, 15:311.Google Scholar
Prospective Payment Assessment Commission (1986) Report and recommendations to the Secretary, USDepartment of Health and Human Services, 1st 04.Google Scholar
Rhee, Sanj-o (1983) ‘Organizational determinants of medical care quality: a review of the literature’. p. 127146 in Luke, Roice D. et al. , (eds) Organization and change in health quality assurance, Rockville MD, Aspen Publications.Google Scholar
Reinhardt, Uwe E. (1986) 'Quality of care in competitive markets, pp. 79, Business and Health, 07/08.Google ScholarPubMed
Robinson, Ray (1986) ‘Restructuring the welfare state: an analysis of public expenditure, 1979/1980–1984/1985’. pp. 121, Journal of Social Policy, 15 01.Google Scholar
Royal College of General Practitioners (1985) What sort of doctor?, Assessing quality of care in general ractice. London, Royal College of General Practitioners.Google Scholar
Schroeder, Steven A.. (1987) ‘Outcome assessment 70 years later: are we ready?’,. pp. 160162, New England Journal of Medicine, 15th 01.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sellu, D.P.; Benjamin, I. A. and Lynn, J.A. (1986) ‘Audit: its effect on the performance of a surgical nit in a District General Hospital’. pp. 6469, Hospital and Health Services Review, 03.Google Scholar
Shaw, Charles D. (1986) Quality assurance: what the colleges are doing, Kings Fund Quality Assurance Project 05.Google Scholar
Secretaries of State for Social Services, Wales and Northern Ireland (1986) Primary health care: an agenda for discussion, London, HMSO.Google Scholar
Starr, Paul (1982) The social transformation of American medicine, New York, Basic Books.Google Scholar
Stocking, Barbara (1985) Initiative and inertia: case studies in the NHS, London, Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust.Google Scholar
Thompson, Andrew (1983) The measurement of patients perceptions of hospital care, Ph.D thesis (unpublished) submitted to the Department of Management Science, University of Manchester.Google Scholar
Veitch, Andrew (1987) ‘Quicker rulings sought on accused doctors’. p. 2The Guardian, 13th 03.Google Scholar
Vuori, J. (1982) Quality assurance of health services Public Health in Europe No. 16, Copenhagen, World Health Organization.Google Scholar
Ware, John E.; Davies-Avery, Allyson and Stewart, Anita L. (1978) ‘The measurement and meaning of patient satisfaction’; pp. 1115, Health and Medical Care Services Review, 1.Google ScholarPubMed
The Washingtonian (1986) Good medicine: how to find the best medical care in Washington, pp. 147197, The Washingtonian, 11.Google Scholar
White, Michael (1986) ‘Hospital league table causes uproar’. p. 6, Guardian, 13th 03.Google Scholar
Williams, Alan (1985) ‘Economics of coronary artery bypass grafting’ pp. 326–9, British Medical Journal, 291.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed