Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-42gr6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T09:01:11.117Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Tightly combined GPS + GLONASS positioning with consideration of inter-system code bias and GLONASS inter-frequency code bias

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 August 2019

Rui Shang ,
Chengfa Gao ,
Shuguo Pan ,
Xiaolin Meng  and
Wang Gao
Rui Shang
Affiliation:
(School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, China)
Chengfa Gao*
Affiliation:
(School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, China)
Shuguo Pan*
Affiliation:
(School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China)
Xiaolin Meng
Affiliation:
(Nottingham Geospatial Institute, the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom)
Wang Gao
Affiliation:
(School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China)
*
(E-mail: gaochfa_seu@163.com; psg@seu.edu.cn)
(E-mail: gaochfa_seu@163.com; psg@seu.edu.cn)
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Inter-system code double differencing is an effective method for improving the positioning accuracy of low-cost receivers in complex environments. Due to the adoption of Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Globalnaya Navigazionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema (GLONASS) code observations are affected by the Inter-Frequency Code Biases (IFCBs), which makes it difficult to calculate the Differential Inter-System Code Biases (DISCBs) between GLONASS and the Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems directly. In this contribution, the focus is on the performance of tightly combined Global Positioning System (GPS) and GLONASS code Double Difference (DD) positioning. After analysing the relationship between IFCBs and GLONASS channel numbers, an IFCB correction model and an inter-system code differencing model between GLONASS and GPS are proposed. Results show that even if there is no obvious relationship between IFCBs and channel numbers, the long-term stable IFCB values of each satellite can be obtained by using the proposed model. In addition, the GPS + GLONASS DISCB is also stable. Therefore, compared with the intra-system model, the inter-system model can benefit from prior IFCBs and DISCBs parameters and thus can significantly improve the positioning accuracy in obstructed environments.

Keywords

GLONASSGlobal Positioning System (GPS)Inter-frequency code biases (IFCBs)Differential inter-system code biases (DISCBs)
Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Navigation , Volume 73 , Issue 2 , March 2020 , pp. 296 - 311
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Institute of Navigation 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Al-Shaery, A., Zhang, S. and Rizos, C. (2013). An enhanced calibration method of GLONASS inter-channel bias for GNSS RTK. GPS Solutions, 17(2), 165–173.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banville, S., Collins, P. and Lahaye, F. (2013). GLONASS ambiguity resolution of mixed receiver types without external calibration. GPS Solutions, 17(3), 275–282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cai, C. and Gao, Y. (2009). A combined GPS/GLONASS navigation algorithm for use with limited satellite visibility. The Journal of Navigation, 62(4), 671–685.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, Y., Yuan, Y., Ding, W., Zhang, B. and Liu, T. (2017). GLONASS pseudorange inter-channel biases considerations when jointly estimating GPS and GLONASS clock offset. GPS Solutions, 21(4), 1525–1533.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gao, W., Gao, C. and Pan, S. (2017b). A method of GPS/BDS/GLONASS combined RTK positioning for middle-long baseline with partial ambiguity resolution. Survey Review, 49(354), 212–220.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gao, W., Gao, C., Pan, S., Meng, X. and Xia, Y. (2017a). Inter-system differencing between GPS and BDS for medium-baseline RTK positioning. Remote Sensing, 9(9), 948.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gao, W., Meng, X., Gao, C., Pan, S. and Wang, D. (2018). Combined GPS and BDS for single-frequency continuous RTK positioning through real-time estimation of differential inter-system biases. GPS Solutions, 22(1), 20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geng, J., Zhao, Q., Shi, C. and Liu, J. (2017). A review on the inter-frequency biases of GLONASS carrier-phase data. Journal of Geodesy, 91(3), 329–340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Julien, O., Alves, P., Cannon, M. E. and Zhang, W. (2003). A tightly coupled GPS/GALILEO combination for improved ambiguity resolution. In: Proceedings of the European Navigation Conference (ENC-GNSS'03), Graz, Austria, 1–14.Google Scholar
Kozlov, D., Tkachenko, M. and Tochilin, A. (2000). Statistical characterization of hardware biases in GPS + GLONASS receivers. Proceedings of ION GPS-2000. US Institution of Navigation, Salt Lake City, Utah, 817–826.Google Scholar
Langley, R.B. (2017). Innovation: GLONASS - past, present and future, GPS World, 1 November 2017. (https://www.gpsworld.com/innovation-glonass-past-present-and-future/)Google Scholar
Liu, H., Shu, B., Xu, L., Qian, C., Zhang, R. and Zhang, M. (2017). Accounting for inter-system bias in DGNSS positioning with GPS/GLONASS/BDS/Galileo. The Journal of Navigation, 70(4), 686–698.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Montenbruck, O., Hauschild, A. and Steigenberger, P. (2014). Differential Code Bias Estimation using Multi-GNSS Observations and Global Ionosphere Maps. Navigation: Journal of the Institute of Navigation, 61(3), 191–201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nadarajah, N., Khodabandeh, A. and Teunissen, P.J.G. (2015). Assessing the IRNSS L5-signal in combination with GPS, Galileo, and QZSS L5/E5a-signals for positioning and navigation. GPS Solutions, 20(2), 289–297.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Odijk, D. and Teunissen, P. J.G. (2013a). Characterization of between-receiver GPS-Galileo inter-system biases and their effect on mixed ambiguity resolution. GPS Solutions, 17(4), 521–533.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Odijk, D. and Teunissen, P.J.G. (2013b). Estimation of differential intersystem biases between the overlapping frequencies of GPS, Galileo, BeiDou and QZSS. Proceedings of the 4th International Colloquium Scientific And Fundamental Aspects of the Galileo program, Prague, Czech Republic, 1–8.Google Scholar
Odijk, D., Nadarajah, N., Zaminpardaz, S. and Teunissen, P. J.G. (2017). GPS, Galileo, QZSS and IRNSS differential ISBs: estimation and application. GPS Solutions, 21(2), 439–450.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Odolinski, R. and Teunissen, P.J.G. (2016). Single-frequency, dual-GNSS versus dual-frequency, single-GNSS: A low-cost and high-grade receivers GPS-BDS RTK analysis. Journal of Geodesy, 90(11), 1255–1278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Odolinski, R., Teunissen, P.J.G. and Odijk, D. (2014). Combined GPS + BDS + Galileo + QZSS for long baseline RTK positioning. Proceedings of ION GNSS 2014, Institute of Navigation, Tampa, Florida, USA, 2326–2340.Google Scholar
Odolinski, R., Teunissen, P.J.G. and Odijk, D. (2015). Combined BDS, Galileo, QZSS and GPS single-frequency RTK. GPS Solutions, 19(1), 151–163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paziewski, J. and Wielgosz, P. (2015). Accounting for Galileo–GPS inter-system biases in precise satellite positioning. Journal of Geodesy, 89(1), 81–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paziewski, J., & Wielgosz, P. (2017). Investigation of some selected strategies for multi-GNSS instantaneous RTK positioning. Advances in Space Research, 59(1), 12–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shi, C., Yi, W., Song, W., Lou, Y., Yao, Y. and Zhang, R. (2013). GLONASS pseudorange inter-channel biases and their effects on combined GPS/GLONASS precise point positioning. GPS Solutions, 17(4), 439–451.Google Scholar
Tian, Y., Ge, M., Neitzel, F. and Zhu, J. (2017). Particle filter-based estimation of inter-system phase bias for real-time integer ambiguity resolution. GPS Solutions, 21(3), 949–961.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tian, Y., Liu, Z., Ge, M. and Neitzel, F. (2018). Determining inter-system bias of GNSS signals with narrowly spaced frequencies for GNSS positioning. Journal of Geodesy, 92(8), 873–887.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wu, M., Zhang, X., Liu, W., Ni, S. and Yu, S. (2017). Tightly Combined BeiDou B2 and Galileo E5b Signals for Precise Relative Positioning. The Journal of Navigation, 70(6), 1253–1266.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamada, H., Takasu, T., Kubo, N. and Yasuda, A. (2010). Evaluation and calibration of receiver inter-channel biases for RTK-GPS/GLONASS. In: Proceedings of ION GNSS-2010. Institute of Navigation, Portland, Oregon, 1580–1587.Google Scholar
Zhang, B., Teunissen, P. J. and Yuan, Y. (2017). On the short-term temporal variations of GNSS receiver differential phase biases. Journal of Geodesy, 91(5), 563–572.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, B., Teunissen, P. J., Yuan, Y., Zhang, X. and Li, M. (2019). A modified carrier-to-code leveling method for retrieving ionospheric observables and detecting short-term temporal variability of receiver differential code biases. Journal of Geodesy, 93(1), 19–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhou, F., Dong, D., Ge, M., Li, P., Wickert, J. and Schuh, H. (2018). Simultaneous estimation of GLONASS pseudorange inter-frequency biases in precise point positioning using undifferenced and uncombined observations. GPS Solutions, 22:19. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-017-0685-7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar