One of the most general topics mentioned in discussion at the Institute's lectures, in its Technical Committee, and during meetings with other Institutes, is the extent to which automation can help in navigation; and it seems rather unfortunate that the question should so often be examined purely from the viewpoint of whether it will reduce the cost of performing a certain function, perhaps by saving a man or two. It would surely be more profitable to see whether it will, even at considerable expense, enable somewhat better performance and lead to further advances: not by supplanting human enthusiasm and endeavour, but by supplementing them with new and powerful tools. The advantage will be marginal at first though probably significant in keen competition, and soon amounting to the difference between success and failure.