Experts in the problems of community development and animation rurale from Africa, France, Germany, Holland, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States were brought together in this seminar sponsored by the Institut de recherche d'application des méthodes de développement (I.R.A.M., Paris) and the Geneva–Africa Institute to discuss, in the quiet, academic setting of the Institute, the differences in methods, techniques, and trends between ‘community development’—largely an outgrowth of British and American techniques—and ‘animation rurale’—developed mainly in the French-speaking world.