Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-sxzjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T20:34:58.664Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Microstructure modification and resultant mechanical properties of Mg–6Zn–1.5Ca (wt%) alloy through hot extrusion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2018

Yuzhou Du ,
Mingyi Zheng  and
Bailing Jiang
Yuzhou Du*
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, People’s Republic of China; and Shaanxi Province Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, People’s Republic of China
Mingyi Zheng
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People’s Republic of China
Bailing Jiang
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, People’s Republic of China; and Shaanxi Province Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, People’s Republic of China
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: duyuzhou@xaut.edu.cn
Get access

Abstract

The microstructure and tensile property of extruded Mg–6Zn–1.5Ca (wt%) alloy were examined by means of electron backscattered diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. A bimodal microstructure featuring fine dynamically recrystallized (DRXed) grains with weaker texture and coarse-deformed region with strong basal texture and fine precipitates was achieved in the as-extruded Mg–Zn–Ca alloy, which resulted in a yield strength as high as 305 MPa and a moderate elongation to fracture of 8.6%. Dynamic precipitation was detected in the deformed region, which inhibited the dynamic recrystallization process. The texture intensity in the DRXed region was weakened compared with that in the deformed region, which was associated with the preferred nucleation during dynamic recrystallization. Such texture weakening effects gave rise to an obvious ductility improvement for the as-annealed alloy.

Keywords

Mgtexturesecond phase
Type
Article
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 33 , Issue 8 , 27 April 2018 , pp. 1003 - 1010
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Contributing Editor: Jürgen Eckert

References

REFERENCES

Wang, X.J., Xu, D.K., Wu, R.Z., Chen, X.B., Peng, Q.M., Jin, L., Xin, Y.C., Zhang, Z.Q., Liu, Y., Chen, X.H., Chen, G., Deng, K.K., and Wang, H.Y.: What is going on in magnesium alloys? J. Mater. Sci. Technol., Published online 31 July 2017. doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2017.07.019.Google Scholar
Rong, W., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Sun, M., Chen, J., Peng, L., and Ding, W.: Characterization and strengthening effects of γ′ precipitates in a high-strength casting Mg–15Gd–1Zn–0.4Zr (wt%) alloy. Mater. Charact. 126, 1 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, M., Wang, X., Feng, Q.Y., Wang, J., Xu, Z., and Zhang, P.H.: The effect of morphology of the long-period stacking ordered phase on mechanical properties of the Mg–7Gd–3Y–1Nd–1Zn–0.5Zr (wt%) alloy. Mater. Charact. 125, 123 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pourbahari, B., Mirzadeh, H., and Emamy, M.: Elucidating the effect of intermetallic compounds on the behavior of Mg–Gd–Al–Zn magnesium alloys at elevated temperatures. J. Mater. Res. 32, 4186 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nakata, T., Xu, C., Ajima, R., Shimizu, K., Hanaki, S., Sasaki, T.T., Ma, L., Hono, K., and Kamado, S.: Strong and ductile age-hardening Mg–Al–Ca–Mn alloy that can be extruded as fast as aluminum alloys. Acta Mater. 130, 261 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pourbahari, B., Mirzadeh, H., and Emamy, M.: Toward unraveling the effects of intermetallic compounds on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–Gd–Al–Zn magnesium alloys in the as-cast, homogenized, and extruded conditions. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 680, 39 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pourbahari, B., Emamy, M., and Mirzadeh, H.: Synergistic effect of Al and Gd on enhancement of mechanical properties of magnesium alloys. Prog. Nat. Sci.: Mater. Int. 27, 228 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joost, W.J. and Krajewski, P.E.: Towards magnesium alloys for high-volume automotive applications. Scr. Mater. 128, 107 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kang, J-w., Sun, X-f., Deng, K-k., Xu, F-j., Zhang, X., and Bai, Y.: High strength Mg–9Al serial alloy processed by slow extrusion. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 697, 211 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jardim, P.M., Solorzano, G., and Vander Sande, J.B.: Precipitate crystal structure determination in melt spun Mg–1.5wt%Ca–6wt%Zn alloy. Microsc. Microanal. 8, 487 (2002).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Horie, T., Iwahori, H., Awano, Y., and Matsui, A.: Creep properties of Mg–Zn alloy improved by calcium addition. J. Jpn. Inst. Light Met. 49, 272 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oh-ishi, K., Watanabe, R., Mendis, C.L., and Hono, K.: Age-hardening response of Mg–0.3 at.%Ca alloys with different Zn contents. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 526, 177 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vinogradov, A.: Effect of severe plastic deformation on tensile and fatigue properties of fine-grained magnesium alloy ZK60. J. Mater. Res. 32, 4362 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tong, L.B., Zheng, M.Y., Cheng, L.R., Zhang, D.P., Kamado, S., Meng, J., and Zhang, H.J.: Influence of deformation rate on microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of indirect-extruded Mg–Zn–Ca alloy. Mater. Charact. 104, 66 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, C-j., Sun, H-f., Li, X-w., Zhang, J-l., Fang, W-b., and Tan, Z-y.: Microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of Mg–3.0Zn–0.2Ca alloys fabricated by extrusion at various temperatures. J. Alloys Compd. 652, 122 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bohlen, J., Wendt, J., Nienaber, M., Kainer, K.U., Stutz, L., and Letzig, D.: Calcium and zirconium as texture modifiers during rolling and annealing of magnesium–zinc alloys. Mater. Charact. 101, 144 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Du, Y.Z., Qiao, X.G., Zheng, M.Y., Wu, K., and Xu, S.W.: Development of high-strength, low-cost wrought Mg–2.5 mass% Zn alloy through micro-alloying with Ca and La. Mater. Des. 85, 549 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, D.W., Suh, B.C., Shim, M.S., Bae, J.H., Kim, D.H., and Kim, N.: Texture evolution in Mg–Zn–Ca alloy sheets. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 44, 2950 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zeng, Z.R., Zhu, Y.M., Xu, S.W., Bian, M.Z., Davies, C.H.J., Birbilis, N., and Nie, J.F.: Texture evolution during static recrystallization of cold-rolled magnesium alloys. Acta Mater. 105, 479 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stanford, N.: The effect of calcium on the texture, microstructure and mechanical properties of extruded Mg–Mn–Ca alloys. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 528, 314 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hofstetter, J., Rüedi, S., Baumgartner, I., Kilian, H., Mingler, B., Povoden-Karadeniz, E., Pogatscher, S., Uggowitzer, P.J., and Löffler, J.F.: Processing and microstructure–property relations of high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) Mg–Zn–Ca alloys. Acta Mater. 98, 423 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, W-j., Deng, K-k., Zhang, X., Nie, K-b., and Xu, F-j.: Effect of ultra-slow extrusion speed on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–4Zn–0.5Ca alloy. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 677, 367 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Somekawa, H. and Mukai, T.: High strength and fracture toughness balance on the extruded Mg–Ca–Zn alloy. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 459, 366 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kang, J-w., Wang, C-j., Deng, K-k., Nie, K-b., Bai, Y., and Li, W-j.: Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–4Zn–0.5Ca alloy fabricated by the combination of forging, homogenization and extrusion process. J. Alloys Compd. 720, 196 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Du, Y.Z., Qiao, X.G., Zheng, M.Y., Wang, D.B., Wu, K., and Golovin, I.S.: Effect of microalloying with Ca on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–6 mass%Zn alloys. Mater. Des. 98, 285 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, S.W., Oh-ishi, K., Kamado, S., Uchida, F., Homma, T., and Hono, K.: High-strength extruded Mg–Al–Ca–Mn alloy. Scr. Mater. 65, 269 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, P., Tang, B., and Kandalova, E.G.: Microstructure and properties of AZ91D alloy with Ca additions. Mater. Lett. 59, 671 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bachmann, F., Hielscher, R., and Schaeben, H.: Texture analysis with MTEX–free and open source software toolbox. Solid State Phenom. 160, 63 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farahany, S., Bakhsheshi-Rad, H.R., Idris, M.H., Abdul Kadir, M.R., Lotfabadi, A.F., and Ourdjini, A.: In-situ thermal analysis and macroscopical characterization of Mg–xCa and Mg–0.5Ca–xZn alloy systems. Thermochim. Acta 527, 180 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Avedesian, M.M. and Hugh, B.: Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys, 1st. (ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1999).Google Scholar
Humphreys, F.J.: The nucleation of recrystallization at second phase particles in deformed aluminium. Acta Metall. 25, 1323 (1977).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robson, J.D., Henry, D.T., and Davis, B.: Particle effects on recrystallization in magnesium–manganese alloys: Particle-stimulated nucleation. Acta Mater. 57, 2739 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Du, Y.Z., Qiao, X.G., Zheng, M.Y., Wu, K., and Xu, S.W.: The microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of extruded Mg–5.3Zn–0.2Ca–0.5Ce (wt%) alloy. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 620, 164 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mao, L., Liu, C., Gao, Y., Han, X., Jiang, S., and Chen, Z.: Microstructure and mechanical anisotropy of the hot rolled Mg–8.1Al–0.7Zn–0.15Ag alloy. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 701, 7 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Humphreys, F.J. and Hatherly, M.: Recrystallization and Related Annealing Phenomena, 2nd ed. (Elsevier, Boston, 2004).Google Scholar
Suwas, S. and Ray, R.K.: Crystallographic Texture of Materials, 1st ed. (Springer-Verlag, London, 2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, B.P., Geng, L., Huang, L.J., Zhang, X.X., and Dong, C.C.: Enhanced mechanical properties in fine-grained Mg–1.0Zn–0.5Ca alloys prepared by extrusion at different temperatures. Scr. Mater. 63, 1024 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ball, E.A. and Prangnell, P.B.: Tensile-compressive yield asymmetries in high strength wrought magnesium alloys. Scr. Metall. Mater. 31, 111 (1994).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slater, J.C.: Atomic radii in crystals. J. Chem. Phys. 41, 3199 (1964).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wynblatt, P. and Ku, R.C.: Surface energy and solute strain energy effects in surface segregation. Surf. Sci. 65, 511 (1977).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petch, N.J.: The cleavage strength of crystals. J. Iron Steel Inst. 174, 25 (1953).Google Scholar