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Analysis of onset of dislocation nucleation during nanoindentation and nanoscratching of InP

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 September 2011

Kilian Wasmer ,
Rémy Gassilloud ,
Johann Michler  and
Christophe Ballif
Kilian Wasmer*
Affiliation:
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland
Rémy Gassilloud
Affiliation:
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland
Johann Michler
Affiliation:
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland
Christophe Ballif
Affiliation:
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institute of Microengineering (IMT), Photovoltaics and Thin Film Electronics Laboratory, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: kilian.wasmer@empa.ch
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Abstract

Nanoindentation and nanoscratching of an indium phosphide (InP) semiconductor surface was investigated via contact mechanics. Plastic deformation in InP is known to be caused by the nucleation, propagation, and multiplication of dislocations. Using selective electrochemical dissolution, which reveals dislocations at the semiconductor surface, the load needed to create the first dislocations in indentation and scratching can be determined. The experimental results showed that the load threshold to generate the first dislocations is twice lower in scratching compared to indentation. By modeling the elastic stress fields using contact mechanics based on Hertz’s theory, the results during scratching can be related to the friction between the surface and the tip. Moreover, Hertz’s model suggests that dislocations nucleate firstly at the surface and then propagate inside the bulk. The dislocation nucleation process explains the pop-in event which is characterized by a sudden extension of the indenter inside the surface during loading.

Keywords

NanoindentationDefectsIII-V
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 27 , Issue 1: Focus Issue: Instrumented Indentation , 14 January 2012 , pp. 320 - 329
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2011

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