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Distant metastasis at the time of presentation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective chart review from a tertiary cancer care centre

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 December 2023

CS Majitha Open the ORCID record for CS Majitha [Opens in a new window] ,
Dipak Ranjan Nayak ,
Shama Shetty ,
K Devaraja Open the ORCID record for K Devaraja [Opens in a new window]  and
Juhi Irfana Basheer
CS Majitha
Affiliation:
Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
Dipak Ranjan Nayak*
Affiliation:
Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
Shama Shetty
Affiliation:
Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
K Devaraja
Affiliation:
Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
Juhi Irfana Basheer
Affiliation:
Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
*
Corresponding author: Dipak Ranjan Nayak; Email: drnent@gmail.com
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Abstract

Objective

To evaluate the rates and patterns of distant metastasis in head and neck SCC at the time of presentation and to study the association between distant metastasis with pre-treatment, clinical, and pathological predictors of outcomes.

Method

This is a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital. All patients with primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma that had been evaluated at our institute between October 2018 and December 2020 were included in the study. Various clinical data were analysed and pattern of metastasis was studied.

Result

Ten per cent (50 cases) of 501 studied patients had distant metastasis. The most common site of distant metastasis was lung. The rate of distant metastasis was high in patients with poorly differentiated cancers. By Kaplan–Meier analysis, the median survival duration after diagnosis of metastasis was four months.

Conclusion

The rate of distant metastasis was 10 per cent in the study. Patients with poorly differentiated tumours, locally advanced primary lesions, higher nodal stage, particularly with extra nodal extension, and hypopharyngeal primary, tend to exhibit increased risk for distant metastasis at the time of presentation.

Keywords

Head and neck cancerhypopharyngeal cancerextranodal extensionmetastasisoral cancer
Type
Main Article
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , First View , pp. 1 - 6
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of J.L.O. (1984) LIMITED

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Footnotes

CS Majitha takes responsibility for the integrity of the content of the paper

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