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Industrialists and Politics in Argentina: An Opinion Survey of Trade Association Leaders*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

John W. Freels Jr.
John W. Freels Jr.*
Affiliation:
Department of Political Science, University of Florida
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Extract

The role of the Latin American industrialist as a potential modernizing agent promoting social and economic evolution has received increasing attention in recent years. Yet discussions of the industrialist's role have been largely impressionistic; few opinion surveys of the industrialist's goals and values are available. This study was based on such an opinion survey of industrial trade association leaders in Argentina, a nation in which the debate over the role of the industrialist in social evolution has received wide attention.

The industrial trade association movement itself is split into two factions: the porteño-dominaied Argentine Industrial Union (UIA), created before the turn of the century, and the interior-based Confederation of Industry (CI), founded during the second presidency of Juan Domingo Perón. The ability of the sector to strengthen its political position hinges largely on the need to develop greater rapport between these two groups of industrialists.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs , Volume 12 , Issue 3 , July 1970 , pp. 439 - 454
Copyright
Copyright © University of Miami 1970

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Footnotes

*

Dr. Ronald H. Chilcote, University of California, Riverside (UCR) and Alberto Ciria, formerly of the University of Buenos Aires, assisted in both the initial design and subsequent execution of this study. Field research in Argentina (1967-1968) was financially supported by the Organization of American States, the Pan American Foundation, and both the Department of Political Science and Academic Senate of UCR.

References

1 For a summary of issues involved as well as references to most important previous examinations see Seymour Martin Lipset's essay “Values, Education and Entrepreneurship” in his and Aldo Solari's Elites in Latin America (New York: Oxford University Press, 1967).

2 For historical background see Dorfman, Adolfo, Evolución de la economía argentina (Buenos Aires: Editorial Losada, 1942)Google Scholar; Cornblit, Oseare, Inmigrantes y empresarios en la política argentina (Buenos Aires: Instituto Torcuato Di Tella, 1966)Google Scholar. For leftist interpretations see Esteban, Juan Carlos, Imperialismo y desarrollo económico (Buenos Aires: Editorial Palestra, 1961)Google Scholar; Fuchs, Jaime, Argentina: su desarrollo capitalista (Buenos Aires: Editorial Cartago, 1965)Google Scholar. For examination of the industrial sector in recent Argentine history see José Luis de Imaz, Los que mandan (Buenos Aires: EUDEBA, 1964), chapters 7 and 8, “Los Empresarios”; Gino Germani et al, Argentina, sociedad de masas (Buenos Aires: EUDEBA, 1965), chapters 3 and 6, “Problemas del crecimiento industrial” and “Etapas del desarrollo económico argentino.”

3 Zalduendo, Eduardo, El empresario industrial en la Argentina (Buenos Aires: Instituto Torcuato Di Tella, 1966).Google Scholar

4 Cardoso, Fernando Henrique and Marín, Juan Carlos, El sector empresarial industrial en la Argentina (Santiago, Chile: Instituto Latinoamericano de Planificación Económica y Social, 1967).Google Scholar

5 For analysis of the importance of shared attitudes in effective interest group action see Truman, David B., The Governmental Process (New York: Alfred A Knopf, 1960).Google Scholar For discussion of interest groups in developing areas see Lucían W. Pye, “The Non-Western Political Process,” and Joseph LaPalombara, “The Utility and Limitations of Interest Group Theory in Non-American Field Situations,” both in Eckstein, Harry and Apter, David, Comparative Politics (New York: The Free Press, 1963).Google Scholar

6 For an overview of the role of organized labor in Latin American politics see Alba, Víctor, Politics and the Labor Movement in Latin America (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1968)Google Scholar; Alexander, Robert, Organized Labor in Latin America (New York: The Free Press, 1965)Google Scholar; Henry Landsberger, “The Labor Elite: Is It Revolutionary?,” in Lipset and Solari, Elites., and Frank Bonilla, “The Urban Worker,” in Johnson, John J., ed., Continuity and Change in Latin America (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1964).Google Scholar

7 For analysis of the military in Latin America as an increasingly “middle sector” phenomenon (and thereby a potential ally of industrial groups of the same “sector”) see Johnson, John J., The Military and Society in Latin America (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1964).Google Scholar A more negative interpretation of the military's supposedly “developmental” role is offered by Irving Luis Horowitz, “The Military Elites,” in Lipset and Solari, Elites.

8 For a general discussion of positive aspects of social conflict see Coser, Lewis A., The Functions of Social Conflict (New York: The Free Press, 1956)Google Scholar, and Daherndorf, Ralf, Class and Class Conflict in Industrial Society (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1959).Google Scholar Many Argentines would doubt that conflict has been developmental in their nation's history.