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Assessment of the potential prophylactic and therapeutic effects of kaempferol on experimental Trichinella spiralis infection

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 April 2023

A.I. Abo Maged ,
K.M. Metwally ,
H.M. El-Menyawy ,
F. Hegab  and
E.S. El-Wakil Open the ORCID record for E.S. El-Wakil [Opens in a new window]
A.I. Abo Maged
Affiliation:
Parasitology, Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University for Girls, Cairo, Egypt
K.M. Metwally
Affiliation:
Parasitology, Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University for Girls, Cairo, Egypt
H.M. El-Menyawy
Affiliation:
Parasitology, Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University for Girls, Cairo, Egypt
F. Hegab
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
E.S. El-Wakil*
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
*
Author for correspondence: E.S. El-Wakil; Email: e.el-wakil@tbri.gov.eg; drfaith@ymail.com
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Abstract

Currently, no effective treatment is available for trichinellosis, a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by infection with the genus Trichinella. Kaempferol (KPF), a dietary flavonoid, has been documented to have anti-parasitic effects and various medicinal uses. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the efficacy of KPF in preventing and treating the intestinal and muscular phases of trichinellosis in mice compared with albendazole (ABZ). To achieve this, mice were divided into six groups: negative control; positive control; KPF prophylaxis; KPF treatment; ABZ treatment; and a combination of ABZ and KPF. Parasitological, histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations were conducted to assess the effectiveness of the treatments. The parasitological assessment involved counting small intestinal adult worms and encysted muscle larvae. Additionally, the histopathological evaluation used the haematoxylin and eosin staining method for intestinal and muscular sections and picrosirius red stain for muscular sections. Moreover, the immunohistochemical expression of the intestinal NOD-like receptor-pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) was evaluated. The group treated with combined drugs demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in the count of adults and encysted larvae (P < 0.05), a remarkable improvement in the inflammation of the intestines and muscles and a decrease in the thickness of the larvae's capsular layer. Additionally, the highest reduction in NLRP3 expression was observed in this group. Based on this study, KPF shows promise as an anti-trichinellosis medication that, when taken with ABZ, has a synergistic impact by modulating inflammation and larval capsule formation.

Keywords

Trichinella spiraliskaempferolalbendazolemiceNOD-like receptor-pyrin domain containing 3
Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 97 , 2023 , e36
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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