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Viscous flow around three-dimensional macroscopic cavities in a granular material: asymptotic theory for two sufficiently distant spherical cavities of arbitrary configuration

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 May 2023

Osamu Sano Open the ORCID record for Osamu Sano [Opens in a new window] ,
Timir Karmakar Open the ORCID record for Timir Karmakar [Opens in a new window]  and
G.P. Raja Sekhar Open the ORCID record for G.P. Raja Sekhar [Opens in a new window]
Osamu Sano
Affiliation:
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8538, Japan
Timir Karmakar
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong, Meghalaya 793003, India
G.P. Raja Sekhar*
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
*
†Email address for correspondence: rajas@iitkgp.ac.in
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Abstract

Viscous flow around two spherical macroscopic cavities (or void spaces) in a granular material, which is exposed to an otherwise uniform flow at infinity, is investigated. The flow field is obtained analytically by solving the Stokes equation inside and the Darcy–Brinkman equation outside of the cavities, where continuity of the velocity and that of the stress are assumed on the boundary. In our previous complementary paper (Sano, Karmakar & Sekhar, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 931, 2022, A20), we obtain that two cavities of equal size in a tandem position are more prone to collapse for a shorter centre-to-centre distance with low permeability. In the present study, the asymptotic analysis of the interaction of two spherical cavities of different sizes with arbitrary configuration is presented. Particular attention is paid to the configuration dependence of two cavities of equal radius. The velocity field and the volume flux into respective cavities are calculated, which reveal that two cavities with orientation less than a certain critical angle are given a larger volume flux and are more prone to collapse. The present results are applicable to predicting the behaviour in a fixed-bed regime of a solid–gas transport system, microscale waterway formation in a granular material, onset of landslides, collapse of cliffs and river banks, etc.

JFM classification

Low-Reynolds-number flows: Porous media Granular media: Avalanches Mathematical Foundations: General fluid mechanics
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 964 , 10 June 2023 , A6
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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