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Upstream vortex and elastic wave in the viscoelastic flow around a confined cylinder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 February 2019

Boyang Qin Open the ORCID record for Boyang Qin [Opens in a new window] ,
Paul F. Salipante Open the ORCID record for Paul F. Salipante [Opens in a new window] ,
Steven D. Hudson Open the ORCID record for Steven D. Hudson [Opens in a new window]  and
Paulo E. Arratia
Boyang Qin*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Paul F. Salipante
Affiliation:
Polymers and Complex Fluids Group, National Institute of Standard and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
Steven D. Hudson
Affiliation:
Polymers and Complex Fluids Group, National Institute of Standard and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
Paulo E. Arratia*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
*
†Email addresses for correspondence: bqin@princeton.edu, parratia@seas.upenn.edu
†Email addresses for correspondence: bqin@princeton.edu, parratia@seas.upenn.edu
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Abstract

Viscoelastic flow past a cylinder is a classic benchmark problem that is not completely understood. Using novel three-dimensional (3D) holographic particle velocimetry, we report three main discoveries of the elastic instability upstream of a single cylinder in viscoelastic channel flow. First, we observe that upstream vortices initiate at the corner between the cylinder and the wall, and grow with increasing flow rate. Second, beyond a critical Weissenberg number, the flow upstream becomes unsteady and switches between two bistable configurations, leading to symmetry breaking in the cylinder axis direction that is highly 3D in nature. Lastly, we find that the disturbance of the elastic instability propagates relatively far upstream via an elastic wave, and is weakly correlated with that in the cylinder wake. The wave speed and the extent of the instability increase with Weissenberg number, indicating an absolute instability in viscoelastic fluids.

JFM classification

Instability: Absolute/convective instability Non-Newtonian Flows: Polymers Non-Newtonian Flows: Viscoelasticity
Type
JFM Rapids
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 864 , 10 April 2019 , R2
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Copyright
© 2019 Cambridge University Press 

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