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Transition induced by streamwise arrays of roughness elements on a flat plate in Mach 3.5 flow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 February 2020

Amanda Chou Open the ORCID record for Amanda Chou [Opens in a new window] ,
Michael A. Kegerise Open the ORCID record for Michael A. Kegerise [Opens in a new window]  and
Rudolph A. King Open the ORCID record for Rudolph A. King [Opens in a new window]
Amanda Chou*
Affiliation:
Flow Physics and Control Branch, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA23681, USA
Michael A. Kegerise
Affiliation:
Flow Physics and Control Branch, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA23681, USA
Rudolph A. King
Affiliation:
Flow Physics and Control Branch, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA23681, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: amanda.chou@nasa.gov
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Abstract

The flow behind streamwise arrays of roughness elements was examined with a hot-wire probe. The roughness elements had heights of approximately 20 % and 40 % of the boundary layer thickness, and different spacings and orientations of these roughness elements were tested. The circular roughness elements were spaced two diameters apart or four diameters apart from centre to centre. Transition moved upstream only when the roughness elements were spaced four diameters apart. The rectangular roughness elements were oriented so that they were at a $45^{\circ }$ angle relative to the leading edge of the plate. Tandem rectangular elements had either the same orientation or opposing orientations. Mean mass-flux and total-temperature profiles of the flow field downstream of the roughness elements were examined for mean-flow distortion. Mass-flux fluctuation profiles showed that a 45 kHz odd-mode disturbance was present downstream of the shorter circular roughness elements. The dominant instability downstream of the taller circular roughness elements was a 65–85 kHz even-mode disturbance. Mass-flux fluctuation profiles showed that the dominant mode downstream of the tandem rectangular roughness elements with the same orientation was similar to that of a single roughness element and centred at a frequency of approximately 55 kHz. The 55 kHz instability appeared to correspond to increased spanwise shear, and thus was determined to be an odd-like mode. The dominant instability downstream of the tandem roughness elements with opposing orientations was centred at a frequency of 65 kHz and did not transition in the measurement region.

JFM classification

Aerodynamics: High-speed flow Boundary Layers: Boundary layer stability Instability: Absolute/convective instability
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 888 , 10 April 2020 , A21
Copyright
© NASA, 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press. This is a work of the US Government and is not subject to copyright protection within the United States

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