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Pulsatile flow in stenotic geometries: flow behaviour and stability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 March 2009

M. D. GRIFFITH ,
T. LEWEKE ,
M. C. THOMPSON  and
K. HOURIGAN
M. D. GRIFFITH*
Affiliation:
Fluids Laboratory for Aeronautical and Industrial Research (FLAIR), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering & Division of Biological Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia Institut de Recherche sur les Phénomènes Hors Equilibre (IRPHE), CNRS/Universités Aix-Marseille, 49 rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie, BP 146, F-13384 Marseille Cedex 13, France
T. LEWEKE
Affiliation:
Institut de Recherche sur les Phénomènes Hors Equilibre (IRPHE), CNRS/Universités Aix-Marseille, 49 rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie, BP 146, F-13384 Marseille Cedex 13, France
M. C. THOMPSON
Affiliation:
Fluids Laboratory for Aeronautical and Industrial Research (FLAIR), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering & Division of Biological Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
K. HOURIGAN
Affiliation:
Fluids Laboratory for Aeronautical and Industrial Research (FLAIR), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering & Division of Biological Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
*
†Email address for correspondence: martin.gri.th@eng.monash.edu.au
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Abstract

Pulsatile inlet flow through a circular tube with an axisymmetric blockage of varying size is studied both numerically and experimentally. The geometry consists of a long, straight tube and a blockage, semicircular in cross-section, serving as a simplified model of an arterial stenosis. The stenosis is characterized by a single parameter, the aim being to highlight fundamental behaviours of constricted pulsatile flows. The Reynolds number is varied between 50 and 700 and the stenosis degree by area between 0.20 and 0.90. Numerically, a spectral element code is used to obtain the axisymmetric base flow fields, while experimentally, results are obtained for a similar set of geometries, using water as the working fluid. For low Reynolds numbers, the flow is characterized by a vortex ring which forms directly downstream of the stenosis, for which the strength and downstream propagation velocity vary with the stenosis degree. Linear stability analysis is performed on the simulated axisymmetric base flows, revealing a range of absolute instability modes. Comparisons are drawn between the numerical linear stability analysis and the observed instability in the experimental flows. The observed flows are less stable than the numerical analysis predicts, with convective shear layer instability present in the experimental flows. Evidence is found of Kelvin–Helmholtz-type shear layer roll-ups; nonetheless, the possibility of the numerically predicted absolute instability modes acting in the experimental flow is left open.

Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 622 , 10 March 2009 , pp. 291 - 320
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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