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Particle focusing in a wavy channel

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 August 2023

Xinyu Mao Open the ORCID record for Xinyu Mao [Opens in a new window] ,
Irmgard Bischofberger Open the ORCID record for Irmgard Bischofberger [Opens in a new window]  and
A.E. Hosoi
Xinyu Mao
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Irmgard Bischofberger
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
A.E. Hosoi*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: peko@mit.edu
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Abstract

It is known that inertial lift forces can lead to particle focusing in channel flows; yet oscillatory straining effects have also been suggested as a mechanism for particle focusing in wavy channels. To explore the synergy between these two mechanisms, we analytically and experimentally investigate the focusing behaviour of rigid neutrally buoyant particles in a wavy channel. We decompose the particle-free channel flow into a primary Poiseuille flow and secondary eddies induced by the waviness. We calculate the perturbation of the particle on the particle-free flow and the resulting lateral lift force exerted on the particle using the method of matched asymptotic expansions. This yields a zeroth-order lift force arising from the Poiseuille flow and a first-order lift force due to the waviness of the channel. We further incorporate the inertial lift force into the Maxey–Riley equation and simulate particle trajectories in wavy channels. The interactions between the zeroth-order lift force and the particle-free flow largely determine the focusing locations. Experiments in wavy channels with varying amplitudes at channel Reynolds numbers ranging from 5 to 250 are consistent with the predictions of the focusing locations, which are mainly governed by the channel Reynolds number as well as the competition between the inertial lift and the oscillatory straining effects.

JFM classification

Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Particle/fluid flow Micro-/Nano-fluid dynamics: Microfluidics Complex Fluids: Suspensions
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 968 , 10 August 2023 , A25
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Mao et al. Supplementary Movie 1

Particle focusing in a wavy channel occurs as the channel Reynolds number increases as a step function of time.

Download Mao et al. Supplementary Movie 1(Video)
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