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Fluid pumping of peristaltic vessel fitted with elastic valves

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2021

Ki Tae Wolf Open the ORCID record for Ki Tae Wolf [Opens in a new window] ,
J. Brandon Dixon Open the ORCID record for J. Brandon Dixon [Opens in a new window]  and
Alexander Alexeev Open the ORCID record for Alexander Alexeev [Opens in a new window]
Ki Tae Wolf
Affiliation:
George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, USA
J. Brandon Dixon
Affiliation:
George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, USA Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, USA Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, USA
Alexander Alexeev*
Affiliation:
George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, USA
*
† Email address for correspondence: alexander.alexeev@me.gatech.edu
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Abstract

Using numerical simulations, we probe the fluid flow in an axisymmetric peristaltic vessel fitted with elastic bi-leaflet valves. In this biomimetic system that mimics the flow generated in lymphatic vessels, we investigate the effects of the valve and vessel properties on pumping performance of the valved peristaltic vessel. The results indicate that valves significantly increase pumping by reducing backflow. The presence of valves, however, increases the viscous resistance, therefore requiring greater work compared to valveless vessels. The benefit of the valves is the most significant when the fluid is pumped against an adverse pressure gradient and for low vessel contraction wave speeds. We identify the optimum vessel and valve parameters leading to the maximum pumping efficiency. We show that the optimum valve elasticity maximizes the pumping flow rate by allowing the valve to block the backflow more effectively while maintaining low resistance during the forward flow. We also examine the pumping in vessels where the vessel contraction amplitude is a function of the adverse pressure gradient, as found in lymphatic vessels. We find that, in this case, the flow is limited by the work generated by the contracting vessel, suggesting that the pumping in lymphatic vessels is constrained by the performance of the lymphatic muscle. Given the regional heterogeneity of valve morphology observed throughout the lymphatic vasculature, these results provide insight into how these variations might facilitate efficient lymphatic transport in the vessel's local physiologic context.

JFM classification

Biological Fluid Dynamics: Flow-vessel interactions Biological Fluid Dynamics: Peristaltic pumping
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 918 , 10 July 2021 , A28
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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