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Maternal soy protein isolate diet during lactation programs deleterious effects on hepatic lipid metabolism, atherogenic indices, and function of adrenal in adult rat offspring

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2021

Maíra Schuchter Ferreira Open the ORCID record for Maíra Schuchter Ferreira [Opens in a new window] ,
Sheila Cristina Potente Dutra Luquetti ,
Poliana Guiomar de Almeida Brasiel ,
Kacia Mateus ,
Alice Helena de Souza Paulino ,
Mayara Medeiros de Freitas Carvalho ,
Ana Eliza Andreazzi  and
Aline Silva de Aguiar
Maíra Schuchter Ferreira
Affiliation:
Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
Sheila Cristina Potente Dutra Luquetti*
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
Poliana Guiomar de Almeida Brasiel
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
Kacia Mateus
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
Alice Helena de Souza Paulino
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
Mayara Medeiros de Freitas Carvalho
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
Ana Eliza Andreazzi
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
Aline Silva de Aguiar
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
*
Address for correspondence: Sheila Cristina Potente Dutra Luquetti, Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil. Email: sheila.dutra@ufjf.edu.br
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Abstract

The benefits of consuming soy and its protein have been reported in many studies. However, its phytoestrogen content raises concerns about consumption during lactation and gestation We therefore examined the effects of soybean or soy protein isolate on the parameters-related cardiovascular pathophysiology in lactating mothers and their offsprings at weaning and adulthood. Lactating rats were divided: casein control (C); soy protein isolate (SPI); and soybean (S). At weaning, half of the litter received commercial ration up to 150 days. The levels of 17-β-estradiol and superoxide dismutase were low in the S mothers. For the SPI mothers, we observed a reduction of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). At weaning, atherogenic indices [1 = total cholesterol (TC)/HDL; 2 = LDL/HDL; 3 = TC-HDL/HDL)] decreased in the S and SPI offsprings compared to the casein control group; TBARS and antioxidant enzymes increased in the S offspring, while reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio increased in the SPI offspring, indicating lower oxidative stress. In adulthood, the SPI offspring showed an increase in liver cholesterol and atherogenic index 1 and 3 (vs. C and S) and 2 (vs. S). In addition, we found a decrease in catecholamines in the adrenal medulla and an increase in caffeine-stimulated secretion, but tyrosine hydroxylase expression remained constant. Maternal consumption of SPI during lactation worsened atherogenic indices of the offsprings in adulthood, which was associated with increased liver cholesterol and decreased catecholamines in the adrenal medulla. Soy consumption had no consistent long-term effects on the evaluated parameters compared to casein consumption. The data suggest that the consumption of SPI during lactation should be done with caution.

Keywords

Soysoy protein isolatemetabolic programmingcatecholaminesantioxidants activity
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , April 2022 , pp. 177 - 186
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease

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