Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-8bljj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-24T01:59:38.809Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Church and Society: Recent Trends in Nineteenth Century Religious History*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 January 2014

Richard Allen Soloway
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Reviews
Information
Journal of British Studies , Volume 11 , Issue 2 , May 1972 , pp. 142 - 159
Copyright
Copyright © North American Conference of British Studies 1972

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

A shorter version of this paper was presented at the spring meeting of the Conference on British Studies held at New York University, April 3, 1971.

References

1. Clark, George Kitson, The Making of Victorian England (London, 1965), p. 20. First published 1962Google Scholar.

2. Ibid., p. 23.

3. Chadwick, Owen, The Victorian Church, Part I (London, 1966), Part II (1970)Google Scholar.

4. Inglis, K. S., Churches and the Working Classes in Victorian England (London, 1963)Google Scholar.

5. Ibid., p. 3.

6. Marsh, P. T., The Victorian Church in Decline: Archbishop Tait and the Church of England 1868-1882 (London, 1969)Google Scholar.

7. Bowen, Desmond, The Idea of the Victorian Church. A Study of the Church of England 1883-1889 (Montreal, 1968)Google Scholar.

8. Best, G. F. A., Temporal Pillars. Queen Anne's Bounty, the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and the Church of England (Cambridge, 1964)Google Scholar.

9. Brose, Olive J., Church and Parliament. The Reshaping of the Church of England 1828-1860 (Stanford 1959)Google Scholar; also Welch, P. J., “Blomfield and Peel: A Study in Co-operation Between Church and State,” in Journal of Ecclesiastical History, XII (1961) 71–84CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

10. MacDonagh, Oliver, “The Nineteenth Cenutry Revolution in Government, A Reappraisal,” in Historical Journal, I (1958), 52–67CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

11. Soloway, Richard Allen, Prelates and People, Ecclesiastical Social Thought in England, 1783-1852 (London, 1969)Google Scholar.

12. Thompson, Kenneth A., Bureaucracy and Church Reform, The Organizational Response of the Church of England to Social Change 1800-1965 (Oxford, 1970)Google Scholar.

13. See for examples Port, M. H., Six Hundred New Churches. The Church Building Commission 1818-1856 (London, 1961)Google Scholar; Stephenson, A. M. G., The First Lambeth Conference, 1867 (London, 1967)Google Scholar; Bell, P. M. H., Disestablishment in Ireland and Wales (London, 1970)Google Scholar; Ingham, S. M., “The Disestablishment Movement in England 1868-1874,” in Journal of Religious History, 3 (1964), 38–60CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Cruikshank, Marjorie, Church and State in English Education 1870 to the Present (London, 1963)Google Scholar; Murphy, James, The Religious Problem in English Education (Liverpool, 1959)Google Scholar, and Church, State and Schools in Britain 1800-1970 (London, 1971)Google Scholar; Ward, W. R., “The Tithe Question in England in the Early Nineteenth Century,” in Journal of Ecclesiastical History, XVI (1965), 67–81CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Best, G. F. A., “The Whigs and the Church Establishment in the Age of Grey and Holland,” in History, LI (1960), 133–48Google Scholar; Bahlman, Dudley W. R., “The Queen, Mr. Gladstone, and Church Patronage,” in Victorian Studies, III (1960), 349–80Google Scholar; Marsh, P. T., “The Primate and the Prime Minister. Archbishop Tait, Gladstone and the National Church,” in Victorian Studies, IX (1965), 113–40Google Scholar.

14. Davies, Horton, Worship and Theology in England. From Watts and Wesley to Maurice 1690-1850, III (Princeton 1961)CrossRefGoogle Scholar and From Newman to Martineau 1850-1900, IV (1962)Google Scholar.

15. Clark, Kitson, Making of Victorian England, pp. 23–4Google Scholar. See also Briggs, J. H. Y., “Image and Appearance: Sources for the History of Nineteenth Century Nonconformity,” in Baptist Quarterly, XXIII (1969), 15–31, 59–72CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

16. Henriques, Ursula, Religious Toleration in England 1787-1833 (London, 1961)Google Scholar.

17. Wilkinson, John T., 1662 and After: Three Centuries of English Non-conformity (London, 1962)Google Scholar.

18. Brockett, Allan, Nonconformity in Exeter 1650-1875 (Manchester, 1962)Google Scholar.

19. Jones, R. Tudur, Congregationalism in England 1662-1962 (London, 1962)Google Scholar.

20. Rowden, H. H., The Origins of the Brethren 1825-1850 (London, 1967)Google Scholar.

21. Isichei, Elizabeth, Victorian Quakers (Oxford, 1970)Google Scholar, and her “From Sect to Denomination in English Quakerism, With Special Reference to the Nineteenth Century,” in British Journal of Sociology, XV (1964), 207–22Google Scholar; Swift, David E., Joseph John Gurney: Banker, Reformer and Quaker (Middletown, 1962)Google Scholar.

22. Kent, John, The Age of Disunity (London, 1966)Google Scholar; Jabez Bunting, The Last Wesleyan. A Study in the Methodist Ministry After the Death of John Wesley (London, 1955)Google Scholar; “Hugh Price Hughes and the Nonconformist Conscience,” in Vennett, Gareth V. and Walsh, J. D. (eds.), Essays in Modern English Church History in Memory of Norman Sykes (London, 1966), pp. 181–205Google Scholar.

23. Currie, Robert, Methodism Divided: A Study in the Sociology of Ecumenicalism (London, 1968)Google Scholar. See also, Chamberlayne, Joseph H., “From Sect to Church in British Methodism,” in British Journal of Sociology, XV (1964), 139–49CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

24. Fothergill, Brian, Nicholas Wiseman (London, 1963)Google Scholar; McClelland, Vincent A., Cardinal Manning: His Public Life and Influence 1865-1892 (Oxford, 1962)Google Scholar; McCormack, Arthur, Cardinal Vaughan: The Life of the Third Archbishop of Westminster, Founder of St. Joseph's Missionary Society, Mill Hill (London, 1966)Google Scholar. While none of these biographies can claim to be definitive, Fothergill's and McClelland's studies are useful contributions. See also Reynold's, E. E. modest and inoffensive, Three Cardinals: Newman, Wiseman, Manning (London, 1958)Google Scholar.

25. Coulson, John and Allchin, Arthur M. (eds.), The Rediscovery of Newman: An Oxford Symposium (London, 1967)Google Scholar.

26. Dessain, Charles Stephen (ed.), The Letters and Diaries of John Henry Newman, XI–XXI (London, 1961–1971)Google Scholar. Volume XI begins with October, 1845 while the latest volume is concerned with The Apologia and the period January 1864 - June, 1865.

27. Bouyer, Louis, Newman: His Life and Spirituality, tr. May, J. Lewis (London, 1958)Google Scholar; Trevor, Meriol, Newman, Light in Winter and Newman, The Pillar of the Cloud (London, 1962)Google Scholar.

28. Dessain, Charles Stephen, John Henry Newman (London, 1966)Google Scholar.

29. Robbins, William, The Newman Brothers: An Essay in Comparative Intellectual Biography (Cambridge, Mass., 1966)Google Scholar.

30. Chapman, Robert, Father Faber (London, 1961)Google Scholar.

31. Walgrave, Jan H., Newman the Theologian: The Nature of Belief and Doctrine as Exemplified in His Life and Works, tr. Littledale, Arthur V. (London, 1960)Google Scholar; Coulson, John, Newman and the Common Tradition. A Study in the Language of Church and Society (Oxford, 1970)Google Scholar.

32. Bokenkotter, T. S., Cardinal Newman as an Historian (Louvain, 1959)Google Scholar; Altholz, Josef L., “Newman and History,” in Victorian Studies, VIII (1965), 271–77Google Scholar.

33. Collier, Richard, The General Next to God: The Story of William Booth and the Salvation Army (London, 1965)Google Scholar; Davis, Richard W., Dissent in Politics, 1780-1830 (London, 1971)Google Scholar.

34. Battiscombe, Georgina, John Keble: A Study in Limitations (London, 1963)Google Scholar; Smith, H. Kirk, William Thomson, Archbishop of York: His Life and Times, 1819-1890 (London, 1958)Google Scholar; Fallows, W. G., Mandell Creighton and the English Church (London, 1964)Google Scholar; Hinchcliff, Peter B., John William Colenso, Bishop of Natal (London, 1964)Google Scholar; Meacham, Standish, Lord Bishop: The Life of Samuel Wilberforce, 1805-73 (Cambridge, Mass., 1970)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

35. Newsome, David H., “The Churchmanship of Samuel Wilberforce,” in Cumming, G. J. (ed.), Studies in Church History, III (Leiden, 1966), 23–47Google Scholar; Pugh, R. K. (ed.), The Letter-Books of Samuel Wilberforce 1843-68 (Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Record Societies, 1970)Google Scholar.

36. Machin, G. J. T., The Catholic Question in English Politics 1820 to 1830 (Oxford, 1904)Google Scholar; “The Catholic Emancipation Crisis of 1825,” in English Historical Review, LXXVIII (1963), 458–82CrossRefGoogle Scholar; “The Duke of Wellington and Catholic Emancipation,” in Journal of Ecclesiastical History, XIV (1963), 190–208Google Scholar; “The Maynooth Grant, the Dissenters and Disestablishment, 1845-47,” in English Historical Review, LXXXII (1967), 61–85Google Scholar. See also, Altholz, Joseph L., “The Political Behavior of the English Catholics,” in The Journal of British Studies, IV (1965), 89–103Google Scholar.

37. Norman, E. R., Anti-Catholicism in Victorian England (London, 1968)Google Scholar.

38. Best, G. F. A., “Popular Protestantism in Victorian Britain,” in Robson, Robert (ed.), Ideas and Institutions of Victorian Britain. Essays in Honour of George Kitson Clark (London, 1967), pp. 115–42Google Scholar.

39. Curtis, Lewis P. Jr., Anglo-Saxons and Celts: A study of Anti-Irish Prejudice in Victorian England (Bridgeport, Conn., 1968)Google Scholar.

40. Altholz, Josef L., The Liberal Catholic Movement, in England: The ‘Rambler’ and its Contributors 1848-1864 (London, 1962)Google Scholar; MacDougall, Hugh, The Acton-Newman Relations: The Dilemma of Christian Liberalism (New York, 1962)Google Scholar. See also, McElrath, Damian, “Richard Simpson and John Henry Newman: The Rambler, Laymen and Theology,” in Catholic Historical Review, LII (1967), 509–33Google Scholar.

41. Conzemius, Victor (ed.), Ignaz von Döllinger Briefwechsel mit Lord Acton 1850-69, 2 vols. (München, 1963–1965)Google Scholar. A third volume for the period after 1870 is to be published. Altholz, Joseph and McElrath, Damian (eds.), The Correspondence of Lord Acton and Richard Simpson, I, Feb. 1858-Aug. 1859 (Cambridge, 1971)Google Scholar.

42. Hickey, John, Urban Catholics: Urban Catholicism in England and Wales From 1829 to the Present Day (London, 1967)Google Scholar.

43. Wickham, Edward R., Church and People in an Industrial City (London, 1957)Google Scholar; Walker, R. B., “Religious Changes in Cheshire 1750-1850,” in Journal of Ecclesiastical History, XVII (1966), 77–94CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Walker, R. B., “Religious Changes in Liverpool in the Nineteenth Century,” in Journal of Ecclesiastical History, XIX (1968), 195–211CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Welsby, Paul A., “Church and People in Victorian Ipswich,” in Church Quarterly Review, CLXIV (1963), 207–17Google Scholar; Warne, Arthur, Church and Society in Nineteenth Century Devon (New York, 1969)Google Scholar; and Davies, E. T., Religion in the Industrial Revolution in South Wales (Cardiff, 1965)Google Scholar. For discussion of the question in Scottish church history see, Mechie, Stewart, The Church and Scottish Social Development, 1780-1870 (London, 1960)Google Scholar.

44. McClatchey, Diana, Oxfordshire Clergy 1777-1869 (Oxford, 1960)Google Scholar. For a delightful study of the relationship between an individual parson, his squire and his parish (Ketteringham, Norfolk) in the early Victorian period see Chadwick's, OwenVictorian Miniature (London, 1960)Google Scholar.

45. See Ravitch, Norman, Sword and Mitre. Government and Episcopate in France and England in the Age of Aristocracy (The Hague, 1966)Google Scholar for a comparative analysis of the French and English episcopacy in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The book is much better on the Gallican bench. Also, Soloway, Prelates and People.

46. Anderson, Olive, “Women Preachers in Mid-Victorian Britain: Some Reflexions on Feminism, Popular Religion and Social Change,” in Historical Journal, XII (1969), 476–84Google Scholar.

47. Thompson, David, “The 1851 Religious Census: Problems and Possibilities,” in Victorian Studies, II (1957), 87–97Google Scholar; Inglis, K. S., “Patterns of Religious Worship in 1851,” in Journal of Ecclesiastical History, XI (1960), 74–86CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

48. Pickering, W. S. F., “The 1851 Religious Census — A Useless Experiment,” in British Journal of Sociology, XVIII (1967), 382–407CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

49. Mayor, Stephen, The Churches and the Labour Movement (London, 1967)Google Scholar.

50. Pelling, Henry, “Religion and the Nineteenth Century British Working Class,” in Past and Present, 27 (1964), 128–33CrossRefGoogle Scholar; a review article, Beales, H. L., “The British Labour Movement and Religion During the First Half of the Nineteenth Century,” in Bulletin of the Society for the Study of Labour History, No. 5 (1962), 10–12Google Scholar; a brief abstract of a paper, Harrison, Brian, “Religion and Recreation in Nineteenth Century England,” in Past and Present, 38 (1967), 98–125CrossRefGoogle Scholar, and “The Sunday Trading Riots of 1855,” in Historical Journal, VIII (1965), 219–45Google Scholar. For a Scottish perspective (Aberdeen) see MacLaren, A. Allen, “Presbyterianism and the Working Class in a Mid-Nineteenth Century City,” in Scottish Historical Review, XLVI (1967), 115–39Google Scholar.

51. Gill, John C., Parson Bull of Byerley (London, 1963)Google Scholar, and The Ten Hours Parson; Christian Social Action in the Eigbteen-Thirties (London, 1959)Google Scholar; Mole, David E. H., “John Cale Miller, a Victorian Rector of Birmingham,” in Journal of Ecclesiastical History, XVII (1966), 95–103CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Best, G. F. A., Bishop Westcott and the Miners (Cambridge, 1967)Google Scholar.

52. Christensen, Torben, Origin and History of Christian Socialism, 1848-54 (Aarhus, 1963)Google Scholar. Acta Theologica Danica, III.

53. Masterman, Neville C., John Malcom Ludlow: The Builder of Christian Socialism (Cambridge, 1963)CrossRefGoogle Scholar. Also, Allen, Peter R., “F. D. Maurice and J. M. Ludlow: A Reassessment of the Leaders of Christian Socialism,” in Victorian Studies, XI, 461–482Google Scholar. Backstrom, Philip N., “The Practical Side of Christian Socialism in Victorian England,” in Victorian Studies, VI (1963), 305–24Google Scholar.

54. Jones, Peter d'A, The Christian Socialist Revival, 1877-1914: Religion, Class and Social Conscience in Late-Victorian England (Princeton, 1968)CrossRefGoogle Scholar. See also, Pierson, Stanley, “John Trevor and the Labour Church Movement in England, 1891-1900,” in Church History, XXIX (1960), 463–78Google Scholar; and Inglis, K. S., “The Labour Church Movement,” in International Review of Social History, III (1958), 445–60Google Scholar.

55. Cockshut, A. O. J., Anglican Attitudes: A Study of Victorian Religious Controversies (London, 1959)Google Scholar, and Religious Controversies of the Nineteenth Century: Selected Documents (London, 1966)Google Scholar; Crowther, M. A., Church Embattled: Religious Controversy in Mid-Victorian England (Newton Abbot, 1970)Google Scholar; Reardon, B. M. G., From Coleridge to Gore: A Century of Religious Thought in Britain (London, 1971)Google Scholar; Symondson, Anthony (ed.), The Victorian Crisis of Faith (London, 1970)Google Scholar.

56. Cockshut, A. O. J., The Unbelievers: English Agnostic Thought 1840-1890 (London, 1964)Google Scholar; Budd, Susan, “The Loss of Faith: Reasons for Unbelief Among Members of the Secular Movement in England, 1850-1950,” in Past and Present, 36 (1967), 106–25CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Smith, Francis B., “The Atheist Mission, 1840-1900,” in Robson, (ed.) Ideas and Institutions, 205–35Google Scholar. For Charles Bradlaugh's career see Arnstein, Walter L., The Bradlaugh Case: A Study in Late Victorian Opinion and Politics (Oxford, 1965)Google Scholar, and Tribe, David, President Charles Bradlaugh, MP (London, 1971)Google Scholar.

57. Clark, Kitson, Making of Victorian England, p. 23Google Scholar.

58. O'Connell, Marvin R., The Oxford Conspirators. A History of the Oxford Movement, 1833-1845 (London, 1969)Google Scholar.

59. Chadwick, Owen (ed.), The Mind of the Oxford Movement (London, 1960)Google Scholar.

60. Härdelin, Alf, The Tractarian Understanding of the Eucharist (Uppsala, 1965)Google Scholar; Chapman, Raymond, Faith and Revolt: Studies in the Literary Influence of the Oxford Movement (London, 1970)Google Scholar. Also Fulweiler, Howard W., “Tractarians and Philistines: The Tracts for the Times Versus Victorian Middle-Class Values,” in Historical Magazine of the Protestant Episcopal Church, XXXI (1962)Google Scholar; and Barmann, Lawrence F., “The Liturgical Dimension of the Oxford Tracts, 1833-41,” in The Journal of British Studies, VII (1967), 92–113Google Scholar.

61. Reynolds, Michael, Martyr of Ritualism: Father Mackonochie of St. Alban's, Holborn (London, 1965)Google Scholar.

62. Clegg, Herbert, “Evangelicals and Tractarians,” in Historical Magazine of the Protestant Episcopal Church, XXXV (1966), 111-53, 237–94Google Scholar; XXXVI (1967), 127-78.

63. Newsome, David, The Parting of Friends: The Wilberforces and Henry Manning (London, 1966)Google Scholar.

64. See, Pollard, Arthur and Hennell, Michael (eds.), Charles Simeon 1759-1836: Essays Written in Commemoration of His Bi-Centenary (London, 1960)Google Scholar; Best, G. F. A., “The Evangelicals and the Established Church in the Early Nineteenth Century,” in Journal of Theological Studies, X (1959), 63–78CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Soloway, R. A., “Episcopal Perspectives and Religious Revivalism in England 1784-1851,” in Historical Magazine of the Protestant Episcopal Church, XL (1971), 27–61Google Scholar.

65. Meacham, Standish, “The Evangelical Inheritance,” in The Journal of British Studies, III (1963), 88–104CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

66. Brown, Ford K., Fathers of the Victorians: The Age of Wilberforce (Cambridge, 1961)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

67. Meacham, Standish, Henry Thornton of Clapham, 1760-1815 (Cambridge, Mass., 1964)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

68. Spring, David, “The Clapham Sect: Some Social and Political Aspects,” in Victorian Studies, V (1961), 35–48Google Scholar; and, “Aristocracy, Social Structure and Religion in the Early Victorian Period,” in Victorian Studies, VI (1963), 263–81Google Scholar.

69. Howse, Ernest Marshall, Saints in Politics: The Clapham Sect and the Growth of Freedom (Toronto, 1952)Google Scholar; Hennell, Michael, John Venn and the Clapham Sect (London, 1958)Google Scholar.

70. Heasman, Kathleen, Evangelicals in Action: An Appraisal of Their Social Work in the Victorian Era (London, 1962)Google Scholar.

71. Richter, Melvin, The Politics of Conscience: T. H. Green and His Age (Cambridge, Mass., 1964)Google Scholar.

72. Choice, 6 (1970), 1646Google Scholar.