Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-dfsvx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T16:21:37.643Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Designs on Indonesia's Muslim Communities

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 March 2010

Kenneth M. George
Get access

Extract

On october 15, 1991, Haji Muhammad Soeharto, President of Indonesia, became the first official calligrapher for the Al-Qur'an Mushaf Istiqlal—The National Independence Illuminated Qur'an—by inking in the initial letter of the Basmallah in the opening sura (Al-Fatihah, the prologue; see Fig. 1). Four years later, just after commemorating the fiftieth anniversary of Indonesian independence, he put the finishing touch to the closing sura of the Qur'an (An-Naas, or “Humanity,” Suta 114), signed the completed manuscript, and presented it to the people of Indonesia and to the Muslim world community. Although he is adept at using or reciting the Qur'anic Arabic needed for daily prayer, the profession of faith, and the verbal exchanges that bond Muslims with each other, Soeharto is a decidedly unpracticed calligrapher when it comes to Arabic orthography.

Type
Articles
Information
The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 57 , Issue 3 , August 1998 , pp. 693 - 713
Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

List of References

Abdullah, Taufik. 1993. “Kata Pengantar [Introductory Remarks].” Islam dan Kebudayaan Indonesia: Dulu, Kini, dan Esok. [Islam and Indonesian Culture: Then, Now, and Tomorrow]. Jakarta: Yayasan Festival Istiqlal.Google Scholar
Adnan, Zifirdaus. 1990. “Islamic Religion: Yes, Islamic (Political) Ideology: No! Islam and the State in Indonesia.” In State and Civil Society in Indonesia, edited by Budiman, Arief. Monash Papers on Southeast Asia, no. 22. Clayton, Australia: Monash University.Google Scholar
Al-Azmeh, Aziz. 1993. Is lams and Modernities. London: Verso.Google Scholar
Anderson, Benedict R. O'G. 1990. Language and Power: Exploring Political Cultures in Indonesia. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Appadurai, Arjun. 1996. Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Arkoun, Mohammed. 1994. Rethinking Islam: Common Questions, Uncommon Answers. Translated by Lee, R. D.. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Bowen, Johnr. 1993. Muslims Through Discourse: Religion and Ritual in GayoSociety. Princeton: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowen, Johnr. 1995. “The Forms Culture Takes: A State-of-the-Field Essay on the Anthropology of Southeast Asia.” Journal of Asian Studies 54(4): 1047—78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brenner, Suzanne. 1996. “Reconstructing Self and Society: Javanese Muslim Women and ‘The Veil.’“ American Ethnologist 23(4):673–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buchari, Mahmud. 1994. Al-Qur';an Mushaf Istiqlal Indonesia. Jakarta: Yayasan Festival Istiqlal.Google Scholar
Buchari, Mahmud, and Yuliman., Sanento 1985. A. D. Pirous: Painting, Etching, and Serigraphy 1960–1985 Retrospective Exhibition. Bandung: Galeri Decenta.Google Scholar
Budiman, Arief, ed. 1990. State and Civil Society in Indonesia. Monash Papers on Southeast Asia, no. 22. Clayton, Australia: Monash University.Google Scholar
Calhoun, Craig, ed. 1992. Habermas and the Public Sphere. Cambridge: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Calhoun, Craig, ed. 1995. Critical Social Theory. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Chambers, Ross. 1991. Room for Maneuver: Reading (the) Oppositional (in) Narrative. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Crow, Thomas E. 1985. Painters and Public Life in Eighteenth Century Paris. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Eickelman, Dale F., and Piscatori., James 1996. Muslim Politics. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Esposito, John L. 1995. The Islamic Threat: Myth or Reality? 2nd ed.Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Foulcher, Keith. 1990. “The Construction of an Indonesian National Culture: Patterns of Hegemony and Resistance.” In State and Civil Society in Indonesia, edited by Budiman, Arief. Monash Papers on Southeast Asia, no. 22. Clayton, Australia: Monash University.Google Scholar
Geertz, Clifford. 1990. “Popular Art and the Javanese Tradition.” Indonesia 50: 77–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
George, Kenneth M. 1997. “Some Things that Have Happened to The Sun After September 1965: Politics and the Interpretation of an Indonesian Painting.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 39(4):599—634.Google Scholar
Habermas, Jorgen. 1989. The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society. Translated by Burger, T. and Lawrence, F.. Cambridge: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Hann, Chris. 1996 “Introduction: Political Society and Civil Anthropology.” In Civil Society: Challenging Western Models, edited by Hann, Chris, and Dunn., ElizabethNew York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Hefner, Robert. 1987. “Islamizing Java? Religion and Politics in Rural East Java.” Journal of Asian Studies 46:533—54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hefner, Robert. 1993. “Islam, State, and Civil Society: ICMI and the Struggle for the Indonesian Middle Class.” Indonesia 56:1—37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heryanto, Ariel. 1990. “Introduction: State Ideology and Civil Discourse.” In State and Civil Society injndonesia, edited by Budiman, Arief. Monash Papers on Southeast Asia, no. 22. Clayton, Australia: Monash University.Google Scholar
Huntington, Samuel P. 1993. “The Clash of Civilizations.” Foreign Affairs 72(3):22–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hutchinson, John. 1994. “Cultural Nationalism and Moral Regeneration.” In Nationalism, edited by Hutchinson, John, and Smith, Anthony D.. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Jones, Sidney. 1984. “The Contraction and Expanison of the Umat and the Role of the Nahdatul Ulama in Indonesia.” Indonesia 38: 1–20.Google Scholar
Kipp, Rita Smith. 1993. Dissociated Identities: Ethnicity, Religion, and Class in an Indonesian Society. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, Kuntowijoyo. 1991. Paradigma Islam: Interpretasi untuk Aksi. Bandung: Mizan.Google Scholar
Lee, Benjamin. 1993. “Going Public.” Public Culture 5: 165–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liddle, R. William. 1996. “The Islamic Turn in Indonesia: A Political Explanation.” Journal of Asian Studies 55(3):613—34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mahasin, Aswab. 1985. “A Note from the Editor: Towards a New Image of Islam.” Prisma: The Indonesian Indicator 35: 2.Google Scholar
Mcgann, Jerome J. 1991. The Textual Condition. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Ortner, Sherry B. 1995. “Resistance and the Problem of Ethnographic Refusal.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 37(1):173—93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pemberton, John. 1994. On the Subject of “Java”. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Pietz, William. 1996. “Fetishism.” In Critical Terms for Art History, edited by Nelson, Robert S. and Schiff, Richard. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Pranowo, M. Bambang. 1990. “Which Islam and Which Pancasila? Islam and the State in Indonesia: A Comment.” In State and Civil Society in Indonesia, edited by Budiman, Arief. Monash Papers on Southeast Asia, no. 22. Clayton, Australia: Monash University.Google Scholar
Reid, Anthony, ed. 1993. The Making of an Islamic Political Discourse in Southeast Asia. Monash Papers on Southeast Asia, no. 27. Clayton, Australia: Monash University.Google Scholar
Schmit, Leo. 1996. “The Deployment of Civil Energy in Indonesia: Assessment of an Authentic Solution.” In Civil Society: Challenging Western Models, edited by Hann, Chris, and Dunn., ElizabethNew York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Spanjaard, Helena. 1988. “Free Art: Academic Painters in Indonesia.” In Kunst uit een Andere Wereld (Art from Another World), edited by Faber, Paul, Linden, Liane van der, and Tulmans, Mien. Rotterdam: Museum voor Volkenkunde Rotterdam.Google Scholar
Spanjaard, Helena. 1990. “Bandung, the Laboratory of the West?” In Modern Indonesian Art: Three Generations of Tradition and Change, 1945—1990, edited by Fischer, Joseph. New York: Festival of Indonesia.Google Scholar
Taher, H. Tarmizi. 1995. “Changing the Image of Islam and the Muslim World: Indonesian Exercises.” Lecture at the Center for the Study of World Religions, Harvard University, 8 November.Google Scholar
Tamara, M. Nasir. 1986. Indonesia in the Wake of Islam. Kuala Lumpur: Institute of Strategic and International Studies.Google Scholar
Van Langenberg, Michael. 1990. “Gestapu and State Power in Indonesia.” In The Indonesian Killings, 1965–1966, edited by Cribb, Robert. Clayton: Center of Southeast Asian Studies, Monash University.Google Scholar
Wahid, Abdurrahman. 1985. “The Islamic Masses in the Life of State and Nation.” Prisma: The Indonesian Indicator 35:3—10.Google Scholar
Wright, Astri. 1994. Soul, Spirit, and Mountain: Preoccupations of Contemporary Indonesian Painters. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Yampolsky, Philip. 1995. “Forces for Change in the Regional Performing Arts of Indonesia.” Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-, en Volkenkunde 151(4):700–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar